Shloka 12

वालि–मायावी–बिलप्रवेशः

Vali’s Pursuit of Mayavi and the Cave Episode

Devanagari script

तं प्रविष्टं रिपुं दृष्ट्वा बिलं रोषवशं गतः।मामुवाच तदा वाली वचनं क्षुभितेन्द्रियः4.9.12।।

Transliteration

taṃ praviṣṭaṃ ripuṃ dṛṣṭvā bilaṃ roṣavaśaṃ gataḥ | mām uvāca tadā vālī vacanaṃ kṣubhītendriyaḥ ||

Translation

Al ver que el enemigo entraba en la cueva, Vālī cayó bajo el dominio de la ira; con los sentidos agitados, entonces me dijo estas palabras.

Word by Word

• tam: that (one)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• praviṣṭam: entered
• praviṣṭam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: praviṣṭa (कृदन्त; √viś (धातु) with pra-)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies ripum

• ripum: enemy
• ripum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ripu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Gerund (क्त्वा)

• bilam: cave/hole
• bilam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; goal of motion with gataḥ

• roṣavaśam: under anger's sway
• roṣavaśam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: roṣa + vaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound तत्पुरुष: 'roṣasya vaśaḥ' (under the control of anger); Neuter, Accusative, Singular; adverbial object with gataḥ

• gataḥ: went
• gataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gata (कृदन्त; √gam (धातु))
• Form: Past participle (क्त) used predicatively; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; subject vālī understood

• mām: to me
• mām: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Accusative, Singular

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb

• vālī: Vali
• vālī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vacanam: words/speech
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; object of uvāca

• kṣubhitendriyaḥ: with agitated senses
• kṣubhitendriyaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣubhita (कृदन्त; √kṣubh) + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound बहुव्रीहि: 'kṣubhitāni indriyāṇi yasya saḥ' (whose senses are agitated); Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies vālī

Context

'Seeing the enemy entering the cave, Vali became wrathful and his senses were terribly disturbed.He said to me:

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vālī
• Rāma
• Enemy (asura)
• Cave (bila)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse implicitly warns that anger disturbs discernment; dharma requires control of the senses even when confronting an enemy.

What is the narrative situation?

At the cave entrance, Vālī sees the enemy disappear inside and reacts with intense anger before instructing Sugrīva.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast: the need for dama (sense-control); the scene highlights how quickly it can be shaken by roṣa (anger).