Valmiki Ramayana 1.33.13 — Bala Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 13

कुशनाभकन्याशतविवाहः — The Marriage of Kuśanābha’s Hundred Daughters

and the Birth of Brahmadatta

Devanagari script

सा च तं प्रणता भूत्वा शुश्रूषणपरायणा।उवास काले धर्मिष्ठा तस्यास्तुष्टोऽभवद्गुरु:।।1.33.13।।

Transliteration

sā ca taṃ praṇatā bhūtvā śuśrūṣaṇaparāyaṇā | uvāsa kāle dharmiṣṭhā tasyās tuṣṭo 'bhavad guruḥ ||

Translation

Y ella, postrándose ante él, permaneció entregada al servicio. Con el paso del tiempo, viviendo firmemente en el dharma, complació a su guru, y el maestro quedó satisfecho con ella.

Word by Word

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्रणता: having bowed
• प्रणता: Karta (कर्ता; participle agreeing with subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-नम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘bowed down’

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)

• शुश्रूषण-परायणा: devoted to service
• शुश्रूषण-परायणा: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘सा’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुश्रूषण (प्रातिपदिक) + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (उपपद/निर्देश: शुश्रूषणायां परायणा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उवास: dwelt/lived
• उवास: Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• काले: in due time
• काले: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locative)

• धर्मिष्ठा: most righteous
• धर्मिष्ठा: Visheshana (विशेषण of ‘सा’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; इष्ठ-प्रत्यय)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अतिशय-विशेषण (superlative sense)

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तुष्टः: pleased
• तुष्टः: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समानाधिकरण; predicate adj.)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अभवत्: became/was
• अभवत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गुरुः: the teacher (guru)
• गुरुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Somada rendered her services with devotion and humility. There she lived a religious life. In the might time her spiritual guide was satisfied with her services.

Characters & Entities

• Somadā
• Cūlī (guru)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as faithful service and integrity over time: consistent right conduct (not momentary display) earns trust and spiritual grace.

What is the narrative situation?

Somadā’s sustained service to Cūlī matures; her conduct leads to the sage’s satisfaction, enabling the possibility of a boon.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śuśrūṣā (attentive service) joined with dharmiṣṭhatā (firm righteousness).