Shloka 59

The Greatness of Avimukta (Kāśī/Vārāṇasī) and the Doctrine of Liberation-in-One-Life

Devanagari script

यैः समाराधितो रुद्रः पूर्वस्मिन्नेकजन्मनि । ते विदंति परं क्षेत्रमविमुक्तं शिवालयम्

Transliteration

yaiḥ samārādhito rudraḥ pūrvasminnekajanmani | te vidaṃti paraṃ kṣetramavimuktaṃ śivālayam

Translation

Aquellos por quienes Rudra fue debidamente adorado en una vida anterior—solo ellos conocen el supremo campo sagrado: Avimukta, la morada de Śiva.

Word by Word

• yaiḥ: by whom
• yaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Instrumental (तृतीया) Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun

• samārādhitaḥ: worshipped, propitiated
• samārādhitaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/भाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-√rādh (राध् धातु) + kta (क्त); कृदन्त
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); agrees with rudraḥ

• rudraḥ: Rudra (Śiva)
• rudraḥ: Karma (कर्म) (of 'worshipped')
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• pūrvasmin: in the former
• pūrvasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन); adjective used substantively with janmani

• eka-janmani: in one (previous) birth
• eka-janmani: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक) + janman (प्रातिपदिक); समास
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: 'ekam janma' (one birth)

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• vidanti: know
• vidanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vid (विद् धातु, 'to know')
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन)

• param: supreme
• param: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); qualifies kṣetram

• kṣetram: sacred field/place
• kṣetram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)

• avimuktam: Avimukta (not forsaken; name of the tīrtha)
• avimuktam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-vi-mukta (प्रातिपदिक); from √muc (मुच्) + kta with prefixes; कृदन्त used adjectivally
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying kṣetram; 'not abandoned'

• śiva-ālayam: Śiva’s abode
• śiva-ālayam: Karma (कर्म) (apposition to kṣetram)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiva (प्रातिपदिक) + ālaya (प्रातिपदिक); समास
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'śivasya ālayaḥ' (abode of Śiva)

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from Adhyaya 33 for exact speaker attribution).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: temple

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: pūrvasmin+eka-janmani → pūrvasminnekajanmani; kṣetram+avimuktam → kṣetramavimuktam.

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• Shiva
• Avimukta

FAQs

What does this verse say about Avimukta (Kāśī)?

It presents Avimukta as the “supreme sacred field” and explicitly identifies it as Śiva’s own abode, implying exceptional sanctity among tīrthas.

How does the verse connect past-life worship with spiritual access?

It teaches that sincere worship of Rudra in a previous lifetime becomes the qualifying cause by which a person gains recognition/realization of Avimukta as the highest kṣetra.

What ethical or practical lesson is implied?

Consistent, wholehearted devotion (ārādhana) is portrayed as spiritually cumulative—its fruits may mature across lifetimes, leading one toward the highest sacred goals and places.