Shloka 59

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

Devanagari script

एतन्मया दुष्टमनंगयष्टि कौमारभावे पितृवेश्मवासे । ज्ञात्वा हितं तथ्यमिदं स्वभर्तुर्ददामि सर्वं च गृहाण सुभ्रु ॥ ५९ ॥

Transliteration

etanmayā duṣṭamanaṃgayaṣṭi kaumārabhāve pitṛveśmavāse | jñātvā hitaṃ tathyamidaṃ svabharturdadāmi sarvaṃ ca gṛhāṇa subhru || 59 ||

Translation

Oh malvada esclava de Kama, mientras vivía en casa de mi padre siendo doncella, aprendí lo que es verdaderamente beneficioso para mi esposo. Ahora te doy todo; tómalo, oh dama de hermosas cejas.

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; accusative singular

• मया: by me
• मया: कर्ता (Agent in passive/with gerund; doer)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; instrumental singular 'by me'

• दुष्टम्: evil/wrong
• दुष्टम्: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; qualifying एतत्

• अनङ्ग-यष्टि: O Anaṅga-yaṣṭi (O one named/likened thus)
• अनङ्ग-यष्टि: सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + यष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—'अनङ्गस्य यष्टिः' (epithet/name); vocative address

• कौमार-भावे: in maidenhood
• कौमार-भावे: अधिकरण (Locative setting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौमार (प्रातिपदिक) + भाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—'कौमारस्य भावः' = state of maidenhood; locative

• पितृ-वेश्म-वासे: while living in (my) father’s house
• पितृ-वेश्म-वासे: अधिकरण (Locative setting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + वेश्म (प्रातिपदिक) + वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—'पितुः वेश्मनि वासः' = dwelling in father’s house; locative

• ज्ञात्वा: having understood
• ज्ञात्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Gerund; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund): 'having known/understood'

• हितम्: what is beneficial
• हितम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हित (प्रातिपदिक; √धा 'to place' से क्त, अर्थे 'beneficial')
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; object of ज्ञात्वा

• तथ्यम्: true
• तथ्यम्: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; qualifying इदम्/हितम्

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; accusative singular

• स्व-भर्तुः: of (my) own husband
• स्व-भर्तुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—'स्वस्य भर्ता' = one’s own husband; genitive singular

• ददामि: I give
• ददामि: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), परस्मैपदम्, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; 'I give'

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; accusative singular; object of ददामि

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• गृहाण: accept/take
• गृहाण: क्रिया (Verb; command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), परस्मैपदम्, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; 'take/accept!'

• सुभ्रु: O fair-browed one
• सुभ्रु: सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-भ्रू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—'सु' + 'भ्रू' (one with beautiful eyebrows)

Speaker

A woman character (narrative dialogue within the Adhyaya; speaker not explicitly identified from the single verse provided)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Ananga (Kama)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It contrasts lust-driven impulsiveness (Kāma/Ananga) with truthful, welfare-oriented discernment (hita + tathya), presenting dharmic clarity as the proper guide for household life and relationships.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While not naming Vishnu directly, it supports bhakti indirectly by urging mastery over kāma and adherence to truth and welfare—qualities repeatedly emphasized as prerequisites for steady devotion and righteous living.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (Śikṣā, Vyākaraṇa, Chandas, Nirukta, Jyotiṣa, Kalpa) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is ethical discernment—speaking what is both true (tathya) and beneficial (hita).