Shloka 19

Adhyaya 63 — The Birth of Svarocis and the Rescue of Manoramā: The Astra-Heart and the Healing of Curses

Sanskrit

धिक् ते ब्राह्मण्यमक्षान्त्या हृतं ते निखिलं तपः ।

अमर्षणैर्धर्षितोऽसि तपसा नातिकर्षितः ॥

Transliteration

dhik te brāhmaṇyam akṣāntyā hṛtaṃ te nikhilaṃ tapaḥ | amarṣaṇair dharṣito 'si tapasā nātikarṣitaḥ ||

Translation

¡Vergüenza para tu condición de brahmán! Por la intolerancia se ha desvanecido toda tu austeridad. Has sido provocado y dominado por la impaciencia, no ennoblecido por tu penitencia.

Word by Word

• धिक्: shame! fie!
• धिक्: Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन/उद्गार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धिक् (अव्यय/निन्दार्थक-निपात)
• Form: निन्दार्थक-निपात (particle of censure), अव्यय

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular)

• ब्राह्मण्यम्: brahminhood, brahminical status
• ब्राह्मण्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• अक्षान्त्या: by impatience/forbearance-lack
• अक्षान्त्या: Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-क्षान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• हृतम्: taken away, stolen
• हृतम्: Karma-bhava predicate (कर्मभाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु) → हृत (कृदन्त-क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थ (taken away)

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• निखिलम्: entire, whole
• निखिलम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• अमर्षणैः: by the unforbearing/irascible ones
• अमर्षणैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन

• धर्षितः: insulted, violated, assailed
• धर्षितः: Karta-bhava predicate (कर्तृभाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृष् (धातु) → धर्षित (कृदन्त-क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तरि-सम्बन्धे (you are insulted/assailed)

• असि: you are
• असि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय-निषेध)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• अतिकर्षितः: overpowered/excessively drawn down (i.e., not subdued)
• अतिकर्षितः: Karta-bhava predicate (कर्तृभाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-√कृष् (धातु) → अतिकर्षित (कृदन्त-क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; उपसर्ग ‘अति’ (excessively)

Speakers

• Unspecified in the provided excerpt (a rebuke addressed to a brāhmaṇa figure within the chapter’s narrative)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Kṣānti (forbearance)
• Tapas and its fragility under anger
• Ethics of brāhmaṇa conduct

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Tapas without kṣānti is unstable: a moment of anger can negate the moral and spiritual capital of long discipline. Brahminhood is defined more by restraint than by mere ascetic practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This passage is primarily Ākhyāna (narrative/illustrative dharma-teaching) rather than direct sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita. It supports dharma instruction through story.

What is the esoteric significance?

Akṣānti symbolizes the mind’s reactive fire that ‘burns up’ accumulated merit; true tapas is inner mastery, not outer hardship. The verse frames spiritual power as contingent on sattvic restraint.