Shloka 34

Adhyaya 53 — Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

Sanskrit

हरिवर्षस्तृतीयस्तु चतुर्थो 'भूदिलावृतः ।

वश्यश्च पञ्चमः पुत्रो हिरण्यः षष्ठ उच्यते ॥

Transliteration

harivarṣas tṛtīyas tu caturtho 'bhūd ilāvṛtaḥ /

vaśyaś ca pañcamaḥ putro hiraṇyaḥ ṣaṣṭha ucyate

Translation

El tercero (hijo) fue Harivarṣa; el cuarto fue Ilāvṛta. Vaśya fue el quinto hijo; Hiraṇya es dicho el sexto.

Word by Word

• hari-varṣaḥ: Harivarṣa (name)
• hari-varṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (नामधेय)

• tṛtīyaḥ: the third
• tṛtīyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tṛtīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal (क्रमवाचक)

• tu: but/and indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात; विरोध/विशेषार्थक)

• caturthaḥ: the fourth
• caturthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caturtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal (क्रमवाचक)

• abhūt: was/became
• abhūt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Aorist (लुङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• ilā-vṛtaḥ: Ilāvṛta (name)
• ilā-vṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ilā (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛta (कृदन्त प्रातिपदिक; √vṛ (धातु) + kta)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (नामधेय; 'enclosed by Ilā/Ilā-region')

• vaśyaḥ: Vaśya (name)
• vaśyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaśya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• pañcamaḥ: the fifth
• pañcamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañcama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal (क्रमवाचक)

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• hiraṇyaḥ: Hiraṇya (name)
• hiraṇyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hiraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ṣaṣṭhaḥ: the sixth
• ṣaṣṭhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal (क्रमवाचक)

• ucyate: is called/said
• ucyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद); passive sense—'is called'

Speakers

• Narrative voice (frame-speaker not explicit in the excerpt)

Key Themes

• Genealogy
• Purāṇic geography
• Eponymous regions

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic lists function as memory-architecture: geography is anchored in lineage, suggesting that land and culture are stewarded through generational continuity.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

‘Vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita’ expressed through naming of regions (a ‘Sthāna’ overlay).

What is the esoteric significance?

Ilāvṛta’s centrality in Purāṇic cosmography can symbolize the ‘axis’ of consciousness; surrounding varṣas represent differentiated fields of experience.