Shloka 40

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

तस्याथ रक्षां कुर्वोत विक्षिप्तैः सितसर्षपैः ।

आसने शयने चोर्व्यां यत्रास्ते स तु मानवः ॥

Transliteration

tasyātha rakṣāṃ kurvota vikṣiptaiḥ sita-sarṣapaiḥ | āsane śayane corvyāṃ yatrāste sa tu mānavaḥ ||

Translation

Contra ella (es decir, Bhrāmaṇī), debe realizarse la protección esparciendo semillas de mostaza blanca—sobre el asiento, sobre el lecho y sobre el suelo donde se sienta esa persona.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन (singular)

• अथ: then
• अथ: सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse connective)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक/आरम्भक अव्यय (then/now)

• रक्षाम्: protection/guarding rite
• रक्षाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• कुर्वीत: should perform
• कुर्वीत: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• विक्षिप्तैः: scattered
• विक्षिप्तैः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + क्षिप् (धातु) → विक्षिप्त (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine) / नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter) instrumental plural agreeing with ‘सर्षपैः’, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)

• सितसर्षपैः: with white mustard-seeds
• सितसर्षपैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सित + सर्षप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)

• आसने: on the seat
• आसने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन (singular)

• शयने: on the bed
• शयने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शयन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Samuccaya/Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• उर्व्याम्: on the ground/earth
• उर्व्याम्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उर्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन (singular)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa—relative location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• आस्ते: sits/remains
• आस्ते: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विशेषार्थक अव्यय (particle)

• मानवः: the man
• मानवः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन (singular)

Speakers

• Didactic narration

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Apotropaic rite
• Mustard-seed protection
• Household ritual practice

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The prescription emphasizes practical, repeatable remedies integrated into daily spaces (seat/bed), reinforcing the dharmic ideal that protection is maintained through regular, embodied practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/rakṣā-vidhi; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Mustard seeds are widely used as ‘cutting’/warding agents; symbolically, the scattering marks boundaries and interrupts the ‘whirling’ influence attributed to Bhrāmaṇī.