Shloka 6

Adhyaya 40 — The Yogin’s Impediments (Upasargas), Subtle Concentrations, and the Eight Siddhis

Sanskrit

ब्रह्मसङ्गिमनः कुर्वन्नुपसर्गात् प्रमुच्यते । उपसर्गैर्जितैरेभिरुपसर्गास्ततः पुनः ॥

Transliteration

brahma-saṅgi-manaḥ kurvann upasargāt pramucyate | upasargair jitair ebhir upasargās tataḥ punaḥ ||

Translation

Al hacer que la mente se adhiera a Brahman, uno queda libre de tales obstáculos. Sin embargo, cuando estos obstáculos son vencidos, otros obstáculos vuelven a surgir después.

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मसङ्गि: attached to Brahman
• ब्रह्मसङ्गि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + सङ्गिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ब्रह्मणि सङ्गः यस्य/ब्रह्मणः सङ्गी) (masc. nom. sg.)

• मनः: mind
• मनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (neut. nom. sg.)

• कुर्वन्: doing, making
• कुर्वन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘मनः’ इत्यस्य कर्तृ-विशेषणम् (masc. nom. sg.)

• उपसर्गात्: from affliction/obstacle
• उपसर्गात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन (abl. sg.)

• प्रमुच्यते: is released, is freed
• प्रमुच्यते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)

• उपसर्गैः: by/with obstacles
• उपसर्गैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन (instr. pl.)

• जितैः: conquered
• जितैः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जि (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; ‘उपसर्गैः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (masc. instr. pl.)

• एभिः: by these
• एभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन (instr. pl.); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• उपसर्गाः: obstacles, afflictions
• उपसर्गाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (nom. pl.)

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्/अनन्तरम्-अर्थक (indecl. ‘then/thereafter/from that’)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरावृत्त्यर्थक (indecl. ‘again’)

Speakers

• Not specified in input

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Brahman-contemplation
• Progressive obstacles
• Perseverance

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Freedom is stabilized by brahma-oriented attention, but the path is iterative: overcoming one layer of distraction reveals subtler ones, requiring sustained practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Philosophical/yogic instruction; not a direct expression of sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

Obstacles ‘mutate’ with refinement of consciousness: as gross desire fades, subtler identifications (with power, purity, knowledge) emerge—hence the need for Brahman as the non-object support.