Shloka 10

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

Devanagari script

नावमंस्था हि सदृशान्‌ नावराउ्छेयस: कुतः । अवाप्य पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां न ते शुज्धमवर्धत,आपने अपने समान और अपनेसे छोटोंका भी कभी अपमान नहीं किया। फिर अपनेसे बड़ोंका तो करते ही कैसे? सारी पृथ्वीका राज्य पाकर भी आपका प्रभुताविषयक अहंकार कभी नहीं बढ़ा

Transliteration

nāvamaṃsthā hi sadṛśān nāvarāṃś ceyasaḥ kutaḥ | avāpya pṛthivīṃ kṛtsnāṃ na te śuddham avardhata ||

Translation

Dijo Yudhiṣṭhira: «Jamás mostraste desprecio ni siquiera hacia quienes son tus iguales, ni hacia quienes están por debajo de ti; ¿cómo, entonces, podrías menospreciar a tus mayores? Aun tras alcanzar la soberanía sobre toda la tierra, tu pureza interior y tu humildad no menguaron; el orgullo del señorío nunca creció en ti.»

Word by Word

नnot

अवमंस्थाःyou insulted / you despised

हिindeed, for

सदृशान्equals, those similar (to you)

नnot

अवरान्inferiors, those lower (than you)

उतand also, even

श्रेयसःfrom one better/superior (than you) / of the superior

कुतःhow then? whence?

अवाप्यhaving obtained

पृथिवीम्the earth

कृत्स्नाम्entire, whole

नnot

तेto you / of you

शुद्धम्pure (here: pure-mindedness / purity)

अवर्धतincreased, grew

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Yudhiṣṭhira

pṛthivī (the earth/entire realm)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True nobility is shown by consistent respect and humility: one who does not demean equals or inferiors will naturally honor elders, and even great power (rule over the whole earth) should not produce arrogance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira praises the addressee’s character, emphasizing their habitual non-contempt toward others and their freedom from pride even after attaining universal sovereignty, framing this as a mark of dharmic conduct.