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Shloka 21

Duryodhana’s Account of Gandharva Defeat and the Pandavas’ Intervention (दुर्योधनवर्णितो गन्धर्वसंग्रामः)

“गाण्डीवधारी अर्जुन तथा भीमसेन जब क्रोधमें भर जायँगे, उस समय यमराज और कालके समान हो जायँगे। वे रणभूमिमें विद्युत्‌के समान चमकनेवाले बाणोंकी वर्षा करके शत्रुसेनामेंसे किसीको भी जीवित नहीं छोड़ेंगे ।। दुर्योधन: शकुनि: सूतपुत्रो दुःशासनश्वापि सुमन्दचेता: । मधु प्रपश्यन्ति न तु प्रपात॑ यद्‌ द्यूतमालम्ब्य हरन्ति राज्यम्‌,“दुर्योधन, शकुनि, सूतपुत्र कर्ण तथा दुःशासन--ये बड़े ही मूढ़बुद्धि हैं, क्योंकि जूएके सहारे दूसरेके राज्यका अपहरण कर रहे हैं। (ये अपने ऊपर आनेवाले संकटको नहीं देखते हैं) इन्हें वक्षकी शाखासे टपकता हुआ केवल मधु ही दिखायी देता है, वहाँसे गिरनेका जो भारी भय है, उधर इनकी दृष्टि नहीं है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | gāṇḍīvadhārī arjunaḥ tathā bhīmasenaḥ yadā krodhena pūryete tadā yamāntakakālasamā bhaviṣyataḥ | te raṇabhūmau vidyudvat-pradīptaiḥ śaraiḥ śaravarṣaṃ kṛtvā śatrusenāyāṃ kaṃcid api na jīvantam avaśeṣayiṣyanti || duryodhanaḥ śakuniḥ sūtaputraḥ karṇaḥ duḥśāsanaś cāpi sumandacetāḥ | madhu prapaśyanti na tu prapātaṃ yad dyūtam ālambya haranti rājyam ||

Dijo Vaiśampāyana: Cuando Arjuna, portador del Gāṇḍīva, y Bhīmasena se colmen de ira, se volverán como Yama y el Tiempo mismo. En el campo de batalla desatarán una tormenta de flechas brillantes como el relámpago y no dejarán con vida a nadie en el ejército enemigo. Duryodhana, Śakuni, Karṇa, el hijo del sūta, y Duḥśāsana tienen el entendimiento por completo extraviado: apoyados en el juego de dados, arrebatan el reino ajeno. Sólo ven la miel que gotea de la rama, y no el terrible precipicio que les aguarda—ciegos a la calamidad que su acto adharma está atrayendo.

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सूतपुत्रःthe charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सुमन्दचेताःvery dull-witted (persons)
सुमन्दचेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमन्दचेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मधुhoney
मधु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रपश्यन्तिthey see clearly
प्रपश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√पश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
प्रपातम्a fall; precipice; downfall
प्रपातम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रपात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यत्which/that (downfall)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्यूतम्gambling; dice-play
द्यूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आलम्ब्यhaving relied on; taking support of
आलम्ब्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ√लम्ब्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
हरन्तिthey take away; seize
हरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√हृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
राज्यम्kingdom; sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
Y
Yama
K
Kāla
D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śakuni
K
Karṇa (Sūtaputra)
D
Duḥśāsana
B
battlefield (raṇabhūmi)
A
arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

Unrighteous gain pursued through deceit (here, gambling to dispossess another) brings inevitable downfall. The verse contrasts short-term sweetness (madhu) with the unseen precipice (prapāta), warning that moral blindness to consequences invites destruction.

Vaiśampāyana foretells the terrifying martial consequence of provoking the Pāṇḍavas: when Arjuna and Bhīma are enraged, they will devastate the enemy host. He then condemns Duryodhana’s party for their folly in using dice to seize a kingdom, likening them to those who notice only honey on a branch and not the fatal fall.