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Shloka 90

Sarasvatī–Tārkṣya Saṃvāda: Agnihotra-vidhi, Dāna-phala, and Mokṣa-prasaṅga (सरस्वती–तार्क्ष्यसंवादः)

ये योगयुक्तास्तपसि प्रसक्ता: स्वाध्यायशीला जरयन्ति देहान्‌ । जितेन्द्रिया: प्राणिवधे निवृत्ता- स्तेषामसौ नायमरिघ्न लोक:,शत्रुसूदन! जो लोग इस लोकमें योगसाधन करते हैं, तपस्यामें संलग्न होते हैं और स्वाध्यायमें तत्पर रहते हैं तथा इस प्रकार प्राणियोंकी हिंसासे दूर रहकर इन्द्रियोंको संयममें रखते हुए (तपस्याद्वारा) अपने शरीरको दुर्बल कर देते हैं, उनके लिये इस लोकमें सुख नहीं है। वे परलोकमें ही परम कल्याणके भागी होते हैं

ye yogayuktās tapasi prasaktāḥ svādhyāyaśīlā jarayanti dehān | jitendriyāḥ prāṇivadhē nivṛttās teṣām asau nāyam ari-ghna lokaḥ, śatrusūdana |

Dijo Mārkaṇḍeya: «Aquellos que están disciplinados en el yoga, entregados a la austeridad y firmes en el estudio sagrado; que, habiendo vencido los sentidos y apartándose de dañar a los seres vivos, consumen su cuerpo mediante la práctica ascética… para tales hombres, oh matador de enemigos, este mundo no es morada de felicidad mundana. Su bien supremo se alcanza en el mundo de más allá».

येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
योगयुक्ताःjoined with yoga; practicing yoga
योगयुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयोगयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तपसिin austerity
तपसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रसक्ताःengaged; devoted
प्रसक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वाध्यायशीलाhabitually devoted to self-study
स्वाध्यायशीला:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्यायशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जरयन्तिthey make (them) waste away; they emaciate
जरयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजॄ (जर्) / जरा (causative: जरयति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देहान्bodies
देहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जितेन्द्रियाःhaving conquered the senses; self-controlled
जितेन्द्रियाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजितेन्द्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राणिवधेin the killing of living beings
प्राणिवधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिवध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निवृत्ताःrefrained; desisted
निवृत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिवृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेषाम्for them; of them
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
असौthat (this particular)
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/असौ (idam-pronoun series)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अरिघ्नO slayer of foes
अरिघ्न:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootअरिघ्न
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
लोकःworld; realm
लोकः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रुसूदनO destroyer of enemies
शत्रुसूदन:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootशत्रुसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
Ś
Śatrusūdana (epithet: slayer of enemies)
A
Ari-ghna (epithet: foe-slayer)

Educational Q&A

Mārkaṇḍeya teaches that rigorous spiritual discipline—yoga, austerity, and sacred study—paired with self-control and non-violence, is oriented toward ultimate welfare beyond this world; such ascetics do not seek (or receive) ordinary worldly सुख (comfort/pleasure) as their primary aim.

In the Vana Parva discourse, Mārkaṇḍeya addresses a heroic listener (invoked as “Śatrusūdana/ari-ghna”) and explains the ethical-spiritual path of ascetics: they restrain the senses, avoid harming beings, and accept bodily hardship, with the fruit of their practice culminating in higher good in the next world rather than in worldly enjoyment.