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Shloka 4

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 55 — Sañjaya’s Report on Pāṇḍava Readiness and Arjuna’s Dhvaja

कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुनने तो अस्त्रप्रयोगसम्बन्धी मन्त्रकी परीक्षाके लिये अपने दिव्य रथकी प्रभासे सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंको प्रकाशित करते हुए उसे जोत रखा था ।।

sañjaya uvāca | tam apaśyaṃ saṃnaddhaṃ meghaṃ vidyud-dyutaṃ yathā | samantāt samabhidhyāya hṛṣyamāṇo ’bhyabhāṣata ||

Sañjaya dijo: Al verlo—armado y temible, como una nube iluminada por el relámpago—lo contemplé por todos lados y, colmado de júbilo, le hablé. La escena subraya la gravedad moral de la guerra inminente: la admiración por el esplendor marcial se templa con la conciencia de que tal poder se alista para un conflicto que pondrá a prueba el dharma y la contención.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपश्याम्I saw
अपश्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
संनद्धम्armoured, fully equipped
संनद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसं-नह् (ppp: संनद्ध)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मेघम्cloud
मेघम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमेघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्युत्-द्युतम्shining like lightning
विद्युत्-द्युतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्युत् + द्युत (द्युत्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
समन्तात्from all sides, all around
समन्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
समभिध्यायhaving contemplated, having considered
समभिध्याय:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अभि-ध्यै
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
हृष्यमाणःrejoicing, being delighted
हृष्यमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष् (present passive participle: हृष्यमाण)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यभाषतhe spoke, he addressed
अभ्यभाषत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-भाष्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (implied as the armoured Kuntī’s son in the prose context)
D
divine chariot (ratha, from the prose context)
C
cloud (megha)
L
lightning (vidyut)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how martial power and splendour can inspire awe, yet it implicitly points to the ethical burden of using such power. In the Mahābhārata’s dharma-frame, readiness for war must be accompanied by discernment, restraint, and awareness of the consequences.

Sañjaya reports that a figure—understood in context as Arjuna, fully armed—appears radiant and formidable, like a lightning-lit cloud. Someone observes him from all sides with excitement and then speaks to him, marking a moment of appraisal before action in the war-preparations of the Udyoga Parva.