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Shloka 73

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

विराटद्रुपदौ चोभौ ब्रूयास्त्वं वचनान्मम । न दृष्टपूर्वा भर्तारो भृत्यैरपि महागुणै:,“तदनन्तर विराट और ट्रपदसे भी मेरी ओरसे कहना--“विधाताने जबसे प्रजाकी सृष्टि की है, तभीसे परम गुणवान्‌ सेवकोंने भी अपने स्वामियोंकी अच्छी तरह परख नहीं की; उनके गुण-अवगुणको भलीभाँति नहीं पहचाना। इसी प्रकार स्वामियोंने भी सेवकोंको ठीक-ठीक नहीं समझा। इसीलिये युधिष्ठिर श्रद्धाके योग्य नहीं हैं, तो भी तुम दोनों उन्हें अपना राजा मानकर उनकी ओससे युद्धके लिये यहाँ आये हो

virāṭa-drupadau cobhau brūyās tvaṁ vacanān mama | na dṛṣṭa-pūrvā bhartāro bhṛtyair api mahā-guṇaiḥ ||

Sañjaya dijo: «Transmite mis palabras a Virāṭa y a Drupada: “Desde que el Creador dio origen a los seres, jamás se ha visto que aun los servidores de grandes virtudes disciernan por completo a sus señores—reconociendo con claridad sus méritos y faltas; ni, del mismo modo, que los señores comprendan con exactitud a sus servidores. Por eso, aunque Yudhiṣṭhira no fuera digno de confianza, vosotros dos lo habéis aceptado como rey y habéis venido aquí a la guerra por su mandato.”»

विराटVirata
विराट:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
द्रुपदौDrupada (two: Virata and Drupada addressed together)
द्रुपदौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
ब्रूयाःyou should say/tell
ब्रूयाः:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (ब्रवीति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वचनात्from (my) words / on the authority of (my) message
वचनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दृष्टपूर्वाःpreviously seen / known from before
दृष्टपूर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदृष्टपूर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भर्तारःmasters/lords
भर्तारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भृत्यैःby servants
भृत्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
महागुणैःby very virtuous (servants)
महागुणैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहागुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
विराट (Virāṭa)
द्रुपद (Drupada)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring ethical and political problem: mutual misjudgment between rulers and retainers. Even highly capable servants may fail to assess a master’s true merits and faults, and masters likewise may not understand their servants. This cautions against blind allegiance and urges careful discernment in choosing whom to serve and trust.

Sañjaya reports (or frames) a message to be delivered to King Virāṭa and King Drupada. The message comments on the difficulty of accurately judging leaders and followers, and uses that observation to explain (and subtly critique) why allies may still accept Yudhiṣṭhira as their king and come to the war under his authority.