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Shloka 12

ययातिपतन-कारणम् (The Cause of Yayāti’s Fall) — Nārada’s Counsel on Pride and Reconciliation

तत्पश्चात्‌ उशीनरपुत्र बुद्धिमान्‌ शिबिने मधुर वाणीमें कहा--“मैंने बालकोंमें

tataḥ paścāt uśīnaraputraḥ buddhimān śibine madhuravāṇīm idaṃ uvāca— “mayā bālakeṣu strīṣu hāsyaparīhāsayogyeṣu sambandhiṣu yuddhe āpatsu ca saṅkaṭeṣu ca pūrvaṃ kadācana na asatyabhāṣaṇaṃ kṛtam. tasya satyasya prabhāvena bhavān svargalokaṃ gacchatu. rājan! ahaṃ prāṇān rājyaṃ ca manovāñchitasukhabhogaṃ ca tyaktuṃ śaknomi, satyaṃ tu na tyaktum. tasya satyasya prabhāvena bhavān svargalokaṃ gacchatu. yadi mama satyena dharmadevaḥ santuṣṭaḥ, yadi mama satyena agnidevaḥ prasannaḥ, tathā yadi mama satyabhāṣaṇena devendraḥ api tṛptaḥ, tadā tasya satyasya prabhāvena bhavān svargalokaṃ gacchatu.” aṣṭakaḥ tv atha rājarṣiḥ kauśikaḥ mādhavīsutaḥ, anekaśatayajvān nāhuṣaṃ prāpya dharmavit, idaṃ uvāca—

Después de esto, el sabio hijo de Uśīnara habló a Śibi con palabras suaves: «Jamás he pronunciado una falsedad—ni entre niños, ni entre mujeres, ni entre parientes aptos para la broma y el juego, ni en la guerra, ni en la calamidad, ni en tiempos de angustia. Por el poder de esa verdad, que vayas al mundo del cielo. Oh rey, puedo renunciar a mi propia vida, a mi reino y aun a los placeres que deseo; pero no puedo abandonar la verdad. Por el poder de esa verdad, que vayas al cielo. Si por mi verdad el Señor del Dharma queda satisfecho, si por mi verdad Agni se complace, y si por mi decir veraz incluso Indra se siente contento—entonces, por el poder de esa verdad, que vayas al cielo.» Luego el sabio real Aṣṭaka—del linaje Kauśika, hijo de Mādhavī—se acercó a Yayāti, descendiente de Nāhuṣa, conocedor del dharma y ejecutor de cientos de sacrificios, y le habló.

अष्टकःAṣṭaka
अष्टकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअष्टक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अथthen/thereupon
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
राजर्षिःroyal sage
राजर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कौशिकःof the Kuśika lineage
कौशिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकौशिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माधवीसुतःson of Mādhavī
माधवीसुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाधवी-सुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनेकशतयज्वान्performer of many hundreds of sacrifices
अनेकशतयज्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेक-शत-यज्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नाहुषम्Nāhuṣa (Yayāti)
नाहुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाहुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached/after approaching
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
धर्मवित्knower of dharma
धर्मवित्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-विद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
U
Uśīnara (lineage reference)
Ś
Śibi
S
Svargaloka (heaven)
D
Dharmadeva
A
Agnideva (Agni)
I
Indra (Devendra)
A
Aṣṭaka
M
Mādhavī
K
Kuśika/Kauśika lineage
N
Nāhuṣa
Y
Yayāti

Educational Q&A

The passage elevates satya (truthfulness) as an absolute ethical commitment: even life, sovereignty, and pleasure may be renounced, but truth must not be abandoned. Truth is portrayed as a moral force whose efficacy can secure heavenly attainment and wins the approval of Dharma, Agni, and Indra.

Nārada recounts a speech in which the wise son of Uśīnara addresses King Śibi, invoking his lifelong refusal to lie in every social and dangerous context and blessing him to attain heaven through the power of that truth. The narration then transitions to Aṣṭaka (son of Mādhavī) approaching King Yayāti, setting up the next exchange.