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Shloka 54

Śara-śayyā-sthita-bhīṣma-saṃvāda-prastāvaḥ

The Prelude to Questioning Bhīṣma on the Bed of Arrows

प्रभो! जो मनुष्य जानते हुए भी श्रद्धापूर्वक प्रश्न करनेवालेको उपदेश नहीं देता, उसे अत्यन्त दुःखदायक दोषकी प्राप्ति होती है; अतः भरतश्रेष्ठ! धर्मको जाननेकी इच्छावाले अपने पुत्रों और पौत्रोंके पूछनेपर उन्हें सनातन धर्मका उपदेश करें; क्योंकि आप धर्मशास्त्रोंके विद्वान्‌ हैं ।।

prabho! yo manuṣyaḥ jñātvāpi śraddhayā praśna-kartr̥bhyaḥ upadeśaṃ na dadāti, tasya atyanta-duḥkha-dāyaka-doṣa-prāptiḥ bhavati; ataḥ bharata-śreṣṭha! dharmaṃ jñātum icchantaḥ sva-putrāṇāṃ pautrāṇāṃ ca pṛcchataḥ tebhyaḥ sanātana-dharmasya upadeśaṃ kuryuḥ; yataḥ bhavān dharmaśāstra-vidvān asti.

Dijo Vāyu: «¡Oh señor! Quien, aun sabiendo, se niega a instruir a quien pregunta con fe, incurre en una falta gravísima y dolorosa. Por ello, oh el mejor de los Bhāratas, cuando tus hijos y tus nietos pregunten con deseo de conocer el dharma, enséñales el Sanātana Dharma, el dharma eterno; pues tú eres versado en los tratados de dharma».

प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनुष्यःa man
मनुष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
श्रद्धापूर्वकम्with reverence
श्रद्धापूर्वकम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रद्धापूर्वक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रश्नम्a question
प्रश्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वतेto one who asks/does (a question)
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
उपदेशम्instruction
उपदेशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपदेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अत्यन्तदुःखदायकःextremely pain-giving
अत्यन्तदुःखदायकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअत्यन्तदुःखदायक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दोषःfault/sin
दोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्नोतिattains
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञातुम्to know
ज्ञातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इच्छवतःof one who desires
इच्छवतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootइच्छवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्वान्one's own
स्वान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पौत्रान्grandsons
पौत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पृष्टेwhen asked
पृष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Neuter, Locative, Singular
तेभ्यःto them
तेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
सनातनम्eternal
सनातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपदिशेत्should instruct
उपदिशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-दिश्
FormOptative (vidhi-liṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यतःbecause
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः
भवान्you
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मशास्त्रविद्वान्knower of dharma-texts
धर्मशास्त्रविद्वान्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मशास्त्रविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिare
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (Vāyu)
B
Bharata-śreṣṭha (best of the Bharatas; addressed king)
S
sons
G
grandsons
S
sanātana-dharma
D
dharmaśāstra

Educational Q&A

One who possesses knowledge has an ethical duty to teach sincere, faithful inquirers; withholding instruction when properly asked is a serious moral fault. Therefore elders—especially rulers learned in dharma—should transmit sanātana-dharma to the next generations.

Vāyudeva addresses a Bharata ruler within the Shānti Parva’s discourse on rājadharma, urging him to respond to questions from sons and grandsons by teaching them the eternal principles of dharma, emphasizing the responsibility of the learned to guide others.