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Shloka 19

अध्यात्म-तत्त्व-निर्णयः

Adhyātma Taxonomy: Elements, Faculties, and Guṇas

विद्याभिजनसम्पन्ने ब्राह्मणे गवि हस्तिनि । शुनि चैव श्वपाके च पण्डिता: समदर्शिन:

vidyābhijanasampanne brāhmaṇe gavi hastini | śuni caiva śvapāke ca paṇḍitāḥ samadarśinaḥ ||

Vyāsa enseña que los verdaderamente sabios sostienen una visión igual: reconocen la misma realidad espiritual en un brāhmaṇa instruido y de noble linaje, y asimismo en una vaca, un elefante, un perro e incluso en un comeperros (un proscrito). Por ello, el discernimiento ético no se funda en el rango social ni en la especie, sino en ver al único Sí mismo presente en todos los seres y responder sin desprecio ni parcialidad.

विद्या-अभिजन-सम्पन्नेendowed with learning and noble birth
विद्या-अभिजन-सम्पन्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्या + अभिजन + सम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ब्राह्मणेin a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
गविin a cow
गवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
हस्तिनिin an elephant
हस्तिनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शुनिin a dog
शुनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
श्वपाकेin a dog-cooker (outcaste/caṇḍāla)
श्वपाके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वपाक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पण्डिताःthe wise (people)
पण्डिताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम-दर्शिनःseeing equally; impartial in vision
सम-दर्शिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम + दर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyasa
B
Brahmana
C
Cow
E
Elephant
D
Dog
S
Shvapaka (outcaste/caṇḍāla)

Educational Q&A

The core teaching is samadarśitva—equal spiritual vision: the wise perceive the same Self/Brahman in all beings, regardless of learning, birth, or social status, and therefore avoid contempt, prejudice, and partiality.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner peace, Vyāsa states a principle of true wisdom: a paṇḍita’s insight is shown by impartial perception across human and non-human beings, including those socially marginalized.