Shloka 8

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

Devanagari script

न शत्रुर्विवृतः कार्यो वधमस्याभिकाडुक्षता | क्रोधं भयं च हर्ष च नियम्य स्वयमात्मनि,शत्रुके वधकी इच्छा रखनेवाले राजाको चाहिये कि वह क्रोध, भय और हर्षको अपने मनमें ही रोक ले तथा शत्रुकोी सावधान न करे

Transliteration

na śatrur vivṛtaḥ kāryo vadham asyābhikāṅkṣatā | krodhaṁ bhayaṁ ca harṣaṁ ca niyamya svayam ātmani ||

Translation

Dijo Bhishma: «Un rey que pretende la destrucción de un enemigo no debe revelar su propósito y volverlo receloso. Debe refrenar en su propia mente la ira, el temor y el júbilo, ocultando su intención y gobernando su conducta con dominio de sí».

Word by Word

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na

• śatruḥ: enemy
• śatruḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vivṛtaḥ: made aware; disclosed; alerted
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-vṛ (√vṛ, to cover/open) / vivṛta (ppp)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• kāryaḥ: to be done; should be made
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kārya
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vadham: killing; slaying
• vadham: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadha
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• asya: of him/this (of the enemy)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (pronoun base: asmad/etad family; gen. asya)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• abhikāṅkṣatā: by one desiring (to do)
• abhikāṅkṣatā: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhi-kāṅkṣ (√kāṅkṣ, to desire) / abhikāṅkṣat (pr. ptc.)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• krodham: anger
• krodham: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: krodha
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• bhayam: fear
• bhayam: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca

• harṣam: joy; elation
• harṣam: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: harṣa
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca

• niyamya: having restrained; controlling
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-yam (√yam, to restrain) / niyamya (gerund)
• Form: Gerund (Absolutive)

• svayam: oneself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam

• ātmani: in oneself; in the mind
• ātmani: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• enemy (śatru)
• king (implied: rājā)