Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 40

Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana

The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनो न तं वेद पीडितं पाण्डवं रणे । धारयामास भीमो5पि शरीरमतिपीडितम्‌

Transliteration

duryodhano na taṁ veda pīḍitaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ raṇe | dhārayāmāsa bhīmo 'pi śarīram atipīḍitam ||

Translation

Entonces Duryodhana no advirtió que Bhīma, el Pāṇḍava, había quedado gravemente herido en el campo de batalla. Aunque su cuerpo sufría un dolor extremo, Bhīma se sostuvo y no se quebró.

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वेद: knew
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पीडितम्: afflicted, pained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीडित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पाण्डवम्: the Pandava (Bhima)
• पाण्डवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• धारयामास: held up, sustained
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ
• Form: Periphrastic Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• शरीरम्: body
• शरीरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरीर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतिपीडितम्: excessively afflicted, greatly pained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतिपीडित
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Duryodhana
• Bhīma
• Pāṇḍava

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfast endurance in the face of suffering: inner resolve can sustain duty even when the body is overwhelmed, while opponents may misjudge strength by outward appearance.

What is happening in the narrative?

On the battlefield, Bhīma is severely pained, yet he continues to bear his body and remain effective; Duryodhana fails to notice Bhīma’s afflicted condition.