Shloka 49
Gadāyuddhe Kṛṣṇopadeśaḥ (Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel in the Mace-Duel) — Śalya-parva 57
Devanagari script
आस्थाय कौशिकान् मागनित्पतन् स पुन: पुनः
Transliteration
āsthāya kauśikān māgān itpatān sa punaḥ punaḥ
Translation
Sañjaya dijo: Empuñando las armas de Kauśika, una y otra vez abatió a los guerreros Māga que se precipitaban al frente.
Word by Word
आस्थायhaving mounted/ascended; having taken (refuge/position)
आस्थाय:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु √स्था)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
कौशिकान्the Kauśikas (people/warriors of the Kauśika lineage)
कौशिकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौशिक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मागन्the Māgas (a people/tribe)
मागन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमाग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निपतन्falling down; rushing upon
निपतन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत् (धातु √पत्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), कर्तरि, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaK
Kauśika (weapons/arms)M
MāgasCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the relentless momentum of battle and the repeated exertion of martial duty (kṣatriya-dharma), while implicitly reminding the listener that even skilled action in war carries ethical gravity.
Sañjaya reports that a warrior (referred to as ‘he’) takes up the Kauśika weapons and repeatedly strikes down the Māga fighters as they charge forward.