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Shloka 17

अर्जुनस्य दिग्विजयारम्भः — Arjuna Initiates the Northern Campaign and Secures Bhagadattta’s Tribute

अज्ञेनाज़ं समापीड्य बाहुभ्यामुभयोरपि । आवृत्य बाहुभिश्चापि उदरं च प्रचक्रतु:

ajñenāzaṃ samāpīḍya bāhubhyām ubhayor api | āvṛtya bāhubhiś cāpi udaraṃ ca pracakratuḥ ||

En el ardor de un forcejeo poco diestro, cada cual oprimía al otro con ambos brazos; luego, trabándolo en un abrazo, le ceñía el vientre con los brazos, retorciéndolo y forzándolo en la lucha.

अज्ञेनwith/through an ignorant (one)
अज्ञेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अजम्a goat
अजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समापीड्यhaving pressed/squeezed
समापीड्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + पीड् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
बाहुभ्याम्with (two) arms
बाहुभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
उभयोःof both (of them)
उभयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आवृत्यhaving covered/encircled
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + वृत् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
बाहुभिःwith arms
बाहुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदरम्belly/abdomen
उदरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउदर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रचक्रतुःthe two did/caused (to be done); they acted
प्रचक्रतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + चक्र्/चक्र (धातु, denominative/causative-like usage; from चक्र 'to wheel/turn')
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how lack of proper knowledge or training (ajñena) in a contest leads to harsh, force-driven struggle; it implicitly contrasts disciplined, rule-bound combat with uncontrolled violence.

Two opponents grapple at close quarters: each squeezes the other with both arms, encloses him in a clinch, and constricts the abdomen, twisting and wrenching in an intense wrestling exchange.