Shloka 55

Devanagari script

तस्मिन्‌ निपतिते भूमौ भीम: क्रुद्धों विशाम्पते

Transliteration

tasmin nipatite bhūmau bhīmaḥ kruddho viśāmpate

Translation

Dijo Sañjaya: Cuando cayó al suelo, Bhīma—airado, oh señor de los hombres—reaccionó con fiereza. Esta línea anuncia la oleada de ira que sigue a la caída de un guerrero, y muestra cómo el dolor y la cólera pueden empujar a más violencia y poner a prueba el dominio de sí bajo las exigencias del dharma en la guerra.

Word by Word

• तस्मिन्: in that (place/time)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• निपतिते: having fallen / fallen
• निपतिते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), used adjectivally

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), used adjectivally

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people (O king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpate)
• bhūmi (the ground/earth)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse foregrounds krodha arising from battlefield loss; it implicitly warns that anger can overtake discernment, making self-restraint and adherence to dharma difficult even for great warriors.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that after a combatant has fallen to the ground, Bhīma becomes furious, indicating an imminent escalation in his actions on the battlefield.