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Shloka 21

कर्णार्जुनयुद्ध-प्रवृत्तिः

Renewal of the Karṇa–Arjuna Engagement at Day’s End

उन हाथियोंपर पताकाएँ फहरा रही थीं। उनके मुख बहुत सुन्दर थे। उनको कसनेके लिये बनी हुई रस्सी और कवच सुवर्णमय थे। वे प्रज्वलित पर्वतोंके समान जान पड़ते थे। उन हाथियोंके द्वारा नकुलको कुचलवा देनेकी इच्छा रखकर मेकल, उत्कल, कलिंग, निषध तथा ताग्रलिप्तदेशीय योद्धा बड़ी उतावलीके साथ बाणों और तोमरोंकी वर्षा कर रहे थे। वे सब-के-सब उन्हें मार डालनेको उतारू थे

eteṣu gajeṣu patākāḥ samantāt phalantyāsan | teṣāṃ mukhāni suśobhānīva dṛśyante sma | teṣāṃ bandhanārthaṃ rajjavo varma ca suvarṇamayāni āsan | te dīptaparvatā iva babhūvuḥ | nakulaṃ gajaiḥ saṃmardayituṃ kāmayamānāḥ mekalotkalakaliṅganiṣadhatāmraliptadeśīyā yodhāḥ sahasā bāṇatomaravarṣaṃ prāvartayan | te sarve taṃ nihantuṃ samudyatāḥ āsan ||

Sañjaya dijo: «Las banderas se extendían sobre aquellos elefantes, y sus rostros se veían de una belleza llamativa. Las cuerdas para sujetarlos y sus armaduras eran de oro, de modo que las bestias parecían montañas en llamas. Deseosos de que Nakula fuese aplastado bajo los elefantes, los guerreros de Mekala, Utkala, Kaliṅga, Niṣadha y Tāmraliptā se apresuraron a hacer llover flechas y jabalinas. Todos estaban resueltos a matarlo».

teṣuon/among those
teṣu:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
hastiṣuon the elephants
hastiṣu:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Roothastin
Formmasculine, locative, plural
patākāḥflags/banners
patākāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpatākā
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
pharantiwere fluttering
pharanti:
TypeVerb
Rootphar
Formpresent, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
mukhānifaces/mouths
mukhāni:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootmukha
Formneuter, nominative, plural
atiśobhanānivery beautiful
atiśobhanāni:
TypeAdjective
Rootati-śobhana
Formneuter, nominative, plural
āsanwere
āsan:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formimperfect, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
tānthem
tān:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
kaṣṭumto bind/tighten
kaṣṭum:
TypeVerb
Rootkaṣ
Forminfinitive (tumun)
kṛtāḥmade
kṛtāḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ
Formpast passive participle, feminine, nominative, plural
rajjuḥrope
rajjuḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootrajju
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
kavacaṃarmor
kavacaṃ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkavaca
Formneuter, nominative, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
suvarṇamayīmade of gold
suvarṇamayī:
TypeAdjective
Rootsuvarṇa-maya
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
āsītwas
āsīt:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formimperfect, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
pradīptaparvatavatlike blazing mountains
pradīptaparvatavat:
TypeAdjective
Rootpradīpta-parvata-vat
Formindeclinable (vat)
pratibhāntiappeared/seemed
pratibhānti:
TypeVerb
Rootprati-bhā
Formpresent, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
taiḥby those (elephants)
taiḥ:
Karana
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
hastiḥelephants
hastiḥ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Roothastin
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
nakulaṃNakula
nakulaṃ:
Karma
TypeProperNoun
Rootnakula
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
mardayitumto crush/trample
mardayitum:
TypeVerb
Rootmṛd
Forminfinitive (tumun)
icchayāwith the desire
icchayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rooticchā
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
mekalāḥMekala (people/warriors)
mekalāḥ:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootmekala
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
utkalāḥUtkala (people/warriors)
utkalāḥ:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootutkala
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
kaliṅgāḥKaliṅga (people/warriors)
kaliṅgāḥ:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootkaliṅga
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
niṣadhāḥNiṣadha (people/warriors)
niṣadhāḥ:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootniṣadha
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
tāmraliptāḥTāmralipta (people/warriors)
tāmraliptāḥ:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Roottāmralipta
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
deśīyāḥbelonging to the region
deśīyāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootdeśīya
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
yoddhāḥwarriors
yoddhāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootyoddhṛ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
mahāutkaṇṭhayāwith great eagerness
mahāutkaṇṭhayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-utkaṇṭhā
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
bāṇānāmof arrows
bāṇānām:
TypeNoun
Rootbāṇa
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
tomarāṇāmof javelins
tomarāṇām:
TypeNoun
Roottomara
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
varṣaṃa shower/rain (volley)
varṣaṃ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa
Formneuter, accusative, singular
kurvantiwere making
kurvanti:
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ
Formpresent, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
sarveall
sarve:
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
tethey
te:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
tamhim
tam:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
hantumto kill
hantum:
TypeVerb
Roothan
Forminfinitive (tumun)
udyatāḥintent/ready
udyatāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootudyata
Formmasculine, nominative, plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
नकुल (Nakula)
हाथी/गज (war-elephants)
पताका (banners)
रस्सी/रज्जु (tethers/ropes)
कवच/वर्मन् (armor)
बाण (arrows)
तोमर (javelins)
मेकल (Mekala)
उत्कल (Utkala)
कलिंग (Kaliṅga)
निषध (Niṣadha)
ताम्रलिप्त (Tāmraliptā)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how war magnifies outward splendor—golden armor, banners, and spectacle—while its intent remains lethal. It implicitly contrasts martial display with the ethical gravity of seeking a warrior’s death, reminding readers that dharma in battle is tested not by pageantry but by restraint, purpose, and adherence to righteous conduct.

Sañjaya describes a coordinated assault on Nakula: war-elephants, richly equipped and visually terrifying, are used as instruments to trample him, while allied regional warriors (Mekala, Utkala, Kaliṅga, Niṣadha, Tāmraliptā) intensify the attack by showering arrows and javelins, all intent on killing him.