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Shloka 42

धृतराष्ट्रस्य मूर्च्छा तथा द्रोणविषयकप्रश्नाः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Fainting and Questions Concerning Droṇa

रक्षितारस्तत: शून्ये कच्चित्‌ तैर्न हतः परै: । किन वीरोंने युद्धमें द्रोणाचार्यको उत्तम धैर्य प्रदान किया? उनकी रक्षा करनेवाले मूर्ख क्षत्रियोंने भयभीत होकर युद्धस्थलमें उन्हें अकेला तो नहीं छोड़ दिया? और इस प्रकार शत्रुओंने सूनेमें तो उन्हें नहीं मार डाला? ।। ४१ $ ।। न स पृष्ठमरेस्त्रासाद्‌ रणे शौर्यात्‌ प्रदर्शयेत्‌

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | rakṣitārastataḥ śūnye kaccit tair na hataḥ paraiḥ | na sa pṛṣṭham arestrāsād raṇe śauryāt pradarśayet |

Dijo Dhṛtarāṣṭra: «Cuando sus protectores ya no estaban y quedó en una situación abierta, sin resguardo, ¿no fue abatido Droṇācārya por el enemigo? ¿Qué héroes, en la batalla, dieron a Droṇa la más alta firmeza de ánimo? ¿O acaso los necios kṣatriyas encargados de guardarlo, presos del miedo, lo abandonaron en el campo, de modo que los adversarios lo mataron cuando estaba solo? Y, ciertamente, un guerrero no debe, por temor al enemigo, volver la espalda en combate, sino mostrar su valor.»

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृष्ठम्back (his back)
पृष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरेःof the enemy
अरेः:
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
त्रासात्from fear / due to fear
त्रासात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रास
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शौर्यात्from valor / out of bravery
शौर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशौर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रदर्शयेत्should show / would display
प्रदर्शयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+दृश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
E
enemy forces (parāḥ)
K
kṣatriya guards/protectors (rakṣitāraḥ)

Educational Q&A

The passage underscores kṣatriya-dharma: fear must not lead a warrior to abandon his duty or turn his back in battle; protection of a commander is a moral and strategic obligation, and cowardly desertion is condemned.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra anxiously inquires about Droṇa’s safety and the conduct of those assigned to guard him—wondering whether they fled in fear and left him isolated, enabling the enemy to kill him, while also invoking the ideal that a warrior should not retreat out of fear.