Shloka 52

Devanagari script

एवमेते महाराज तावका: पाण्डवै: सह । पर्यवर्तन्त सहिता निशाकाले परंतप,शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाले महाराज! इस प्रकार रातके समय आपके योद्धा पाण्डवोंके साथ अपने-अपने शिविरमें लौट आये

Transliteration

evam ete mahārāja tāvakāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha | paryavartanta sahitā niśākāle paraṃtapa ||

Translation

Sañjaya dijo: «Oh gran rey, azote de enemigos, así, en la noche, tus guerreros, tras encontrarse con los Pāṇḍavas, se retiraron juntos y regresaron cada cual a su propio campamento».

Word by Word

एवम्thus, in this manner

एतेthese

महाराजO great king

तावकाःyour (men), your warriors

पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas

सहtogether with

पर्यवर्तन्तreturned, turned back

सहिताःtogether, united

निशाकालेat night-time

परंतपO scorcher of foes

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address mahārāja/paraṃtapa)

Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)

Pāṇḍavas

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse is primarily narrative, but it implicitly highlights the discipline of armies and the practical ethics of warfare: when night falls, fighting pauses and forces regroup, emphasizing order, restraint, and accountability to command rather than uncontrolled violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to the king that the Kaurava troops, after engaging with the Pāṇḍavas, turned back together during the night and returned to their respective encampments.