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Shloka 29

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

स्नेहात्‌ सम्मोहमापन्नो नावि दाशो यथा तथा । ममत्वेनाभिभूत: संस्तत्रैव परिवर्तते

snehāt sammohaṁ āpanno nāvi dāśo yathā tathā | mamatvenābhibhūtaḥ saṁs tatraiva parivartate ||

Pero, por afecto, el hombre cae en el extravío; como un barquero que permanece sentado en su barca, no hace sino dar vueltas en el mismo lugar. Vencido por la posesividad—por el sentido de «mío»—queda atado allí, girando una y otra vez sin alcanzar la otra orilla.

स्नेहात्from affection/attachment
स्नेहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्नेह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
सम्मोहम्delusion, bewilderment
सम्मोहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्मोह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपन्नःhaving fallen into / having reached
आपन्नः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआपद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नाविin/on the boat
नावि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
दाशःboatman, sailor
दाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
ममत्वेनby possessiveness, by the sense of 'mine'
ममत्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभिभूतःoverpowered, overcome
अभिभूतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-भू
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सन्being
सन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
परिवर्ततेkeeps turning about, revolves
परिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (Wind-god) (speaker)
D
dāśa (boatman)
N
nāu (boat/ship)

Educational Q&A

Affection that turns into attachment produces delusion, and possessiveness (‘mine-ness’) keeps a person stuck in repetitive patterns—like a boatman circling in the same boat—rather than moving toward liberation, clarity, and dharmic action.

Vāyudeva uses a vivid simile: a deluded, possessive person is compared to a boatman who stays seated in his boat and merely turns about in the same place. The image illustrates how attachment prevents real progress and keeps one bound to the same condition.