Shloka 34
Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma
क्योंकि इस प्रकार जो कन्याके लिये आभूषण लेकर कन्यादान किया जाता है, वह न तो मूल्य है और न विक्रय ही; इसलिये कन्याके लिये कोई वस्तु स्वीकार करके कन्याका दान करना सनातन धर्म है ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | evaṃ hi yā kanyāyāḥ kṛte bhūṣaṇāni gṛhītvā kanyādānaṃ kriyate, na tat mūlyaṃ na ca vikrayaḥ; tasmāt kanyāyāḥ kṛte kiñcid vastu pratigṛhya kanyādānaṃ sanātano dharmaḥ || dāsyāmi bhavate kanyām iti pūrvaṃ na bhāṣitam | ye cāhuyeṃ ca nāhuyeṃ ye cāvaśyaṃ vadanty uta, teṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ vacanāni kanyā-dānāt pūrvaṃ na uktavat-tulyāni ||
Dijo Bhīṣma: Cuando se reciben ornamentos con ocasión de entregar a una doncella en matrimonio, eso no es ni «precio» ni «venta»; por ello, aceptar algún don consuetudinario para la muchacha y luego entregarla se tiene por una antigua norma del dharma. Pero las palabras «Te daré a mi hija» no deben considerarse como firmemente pronunciadas de antemano: ya digan las gentes a distintos pretendientes «la daré», o «no la daré», o incluso «sin falta la daré», todas esas declaraciones, hasta que el acto mismo de entregar a la doncella se consume, se juzgan como no verdaderamente vinculantes.
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma distinguishes customary marriage gifts (like ornaments for the bride) from a commercial sale: accepting such items does not make the maiden a commodity. He also teaches that verbal assurances about giving a daughter are not fully binding until the formal act of kanyādāna is actually performed.
In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma is instructing Yudhishthira on dharma. Here he addresses norms around marriage arrangements: what counts as legitimate customary giving, and how to evaluate spoken promises about giving a maiden before the marriage rite is completed.