Shloka 12

Pātra-Lakṣaṇa and Niścita-Dharma

Marks of a Worthy Recipient and Stable Criteria of Dharma

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच श्रुत्वा तु वचनं तस्या: स विप्र: प्राउजलि: स्थित: । अनुज्ञातस्तया चापि स्वगृहं पुनरात्रजत्‌

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca śrutvā tu vacanaṃ tasyāḥ sa vipraḥ prāñjaliḥ sthitaḥ | anujñātas tayā cāpi svagṛhaṃ punar ājagāma ||

Translation

Bhishma dijo: Al oír sus palabras, el brahmán se mantuvo ante ella con las manos juntas en señal de reverencia. Luego, tras recibir su permiso, regresó una vez más a su propia casa—mostrando la disciplina ética de la humildad, el dominio de sí y el respeto a la autoridad legítima.

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active (parasmaipada sense), Non-finite

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• वचनम्: speech/words
• वचनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तस्याः: of her
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Genitive, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विप्रः: brahmin
• विप्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्राञ्जलिः: with joined palms (in reverence)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्जलि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्थितः: stood
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुज्ञातः: having been permitted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-ज्ञा
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तया: by her
• तया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• स्वगृहम्: one's own house
• स्वगृहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वगृह
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पुनः: again/back
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र

• अगच्छत्: went
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• a brahmin (vipra)
• a woman (tasyāḥ)
• the brahmin's home (svagṛha)