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Shloka 123

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

दुर्योधनो नाम महान्‌ राजा राजर्षिसत्तम: | इन्द्रके समान शरीरवाले राजा दुर्जयके एक पुत्र हुआ जो अभश्विनीकुमारोंके समान कान्तिमान्‌ था। उसका नाम था दुर्योधन। वह राजर्षियोंमें श्रेष्ठ महान्‌ राजा था

duryodhano nāma mahān rājā rājarṣi-sattamaḥ | indrake samāna-śarīra-vāle rājā durjayake eka putra huā yo 'śvinī-kumāroṃ ke samāna kāntimān thā | usakā nāma thā duryodhanaḥ | sa rājarṣīṣu śreṣṭhaḥ mahān rājā āsīt |

Dijo Bhishma: Hubo un gran rey llamado Duryodhana, el más eminente entre los rājarṣi. Al rey Durjaya—cuyo cuerpo era como el de Indra—le nació un único hijo, radiante como los gemelos Aśvin. Su nombre era Duryodhana. Fue un monarca poderoso, contado como el mejor entre los sabios reales—relato que subraya cómo el esplendor exterior y el linaje excelso pueden coexistir con las pruebas morales que, más tarde, definen el verdadero valor de un gobernante según el dharma.

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजर्षि-सत्तमःbest of royal sages
राजर्षि-सत्तमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजर्षि-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
D
Duryodhana
D
Durjaya
I
Indra
A
Ashvini Kumaras

Educational Q&A

The passage foregrounds the Mahābhārata’s ethical lens: noble birth, divine-like appearance, and public acclaim do not by themselves guarantee dharmic conduct. True greatness of a ruler is ultimately measured by choices, restraint, and adherence to dharma rather than by splendor or reputation.

Bhishma is describing a king named Duryodhana, presenting his exalted status and the circumstances of his birth: he is the sole son of King Durjaya, compared in form to Indra and in radiance to the Aśvinī twins. The narration functions as a laudatory genealogical/character introduction.