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Shloka 48

धृतराष्ट्र–दुर्योधन संवादः

Vāraṇāvata-vivāsana-nīti: Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Duryodhana’s Policy Dialogue

तच्छुत्वान्तहितं भूतमन्तरिक्षस्थमब्रवीत्‌ । अश्वस्येवास्य यत्‌ स्थाम नदत: प्रदिशो गतम्‌,उसे सुनकर अन्तरिक्षमें स्थित किसी अदृश्य चेतनने कहा--“इस बालकके चिल्लाते समय अश्वके समान शब्द सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंमें गूँज उठा है; अतः यह अअश्वत्थामा नामसे ही प्रसिद्ध होगा।” उस पुत्रसे भरद्वाजनन्दन द्रोणको बड़ी प्रसन्नता हुई

tac chrutvāntarhitaṃ bhūtam antarīkṣastham abravīt | aśvasyevāsyayat sthāma nadataḥ pradiśo gatam ||

Al oírlo, un ser invisible, situado en el aire, dijo: “Cuando este niño llora, su potente sonido resuena en todas las direcciones como el relincho de un caballo. Por ello será célebre con el nombre de Aśvatthāmā”. Al saber esto de su hijo, Droṇa, hijo de Bharadvāja, se llenó de gran alegría.

तत्that (sound/cry)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
अन्तर्हितम्hidden, invisible
अन्तर्हितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तर्हित
Formneuter, accusative, singular
भूतम्a being
भूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अन्तरिक्षस्थम्situated in the sky/space
अन्तरिक्षस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तरिक्ष-स्थ
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, active
अश्वस्यof a horse
अश्वस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अस्यof this (boy)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
यत्which/that (sound)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
स्थामstrength, force (mighty tone)
स्थाम:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थामन्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
नदतःof (him) roaring/crying
नदतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनद् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, genitive, singular
प्रदिशःdirections, quarters
प्रदिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदिश्
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
गतम्gone, spread (having gone)
गतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
antarhita bhūta (unseen being)
D
Droṇa
B
Bharadvāja
A
Aśvatthāmā
A
antarīkṣa (mid-air/sky)
A
aśva (horse)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata motif that a person’s name and future renown can be linked to an early sign (nimitta). The child’s extraordinary cry becomes a marker of identity and destiny, affirmed by an impartial, otherworldly witness.

At Aśvatthāmā’s birth, his cry is so forceful that it echoes in all directions like a horse’s neigh. An invisible being in the sky declares that this is why he will be known as “Aśvatthāmā,” and Droṇa is pleased on hearing this pronouncement about his son.