Adhyaya 117

Verse 1

ऑपनआक्रा छा अर: 2 षोडशाधिकशततमोड< ध्याय: धृतराष्ट्रके सौ पुत्रोंकी नामावली जनमेजय उवाच ज्येष्ठानुज्येष्ठतां तेषां नामानि च पृथक्‌ पृथक्‌ । धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राणामानुपूर्व्यात्‌ प्रकीर्तय

Dijo Janamejaya: «Oh venerable, recítame en el debido orden los nombres de los hijos de Dhṛtarāṣṭra—cada uno por separado—y también quién de ellos fue el mayor, quién el siguiente, y así sucesivamente según la primogenitura.»

Verse 2

वैशम्पायन उवाच दुर्योधनो युयुत्सुश्न राजन्‌ दुःशासनस्तथा । दुःसहो दुःशलश्चैव जलसंध: सम: सह:

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Oh rey, los hijos de Dhṛtarāṣṭra fueron estos: Duryodhana; Yuyutsu; y asimismo Duḥśāsana; también Duḥsaha, Duḥśala, Jalasaṃdha, Sama y Saha.» En este registro genealógico, la epopeya comienza a enumerar la estirpe de los Kauravas, presagiando cómo una vasta red de parentesco—atada por el nacimiento y tensada por la rivalidad—se convertirá en materia humana de adharma y de guerra.

Verse 3

विन्दानुविन्दौ दुर्धर्ष: सुबाहुर्दुष्प्रधर्षण: । दुर्मर्षणो दुर्मुखश्न दुष्कर्ण: कर्ण एव च

Vaiśampāyana prosiguió con el catálogo: Vinda y Anuvinda; luego Durdharṣa, Subāhu, Duṣpradharṣaṇa, Durmarṣaṇa, Durmukha, Duṣkarṇa y Karṇa.

Verse 4

विविंशतिर्विकर्णश्र शलः सत्त्वः सुलोचन: । चित्रोपचित्रौ चित्राक्षशक्षारुचित्रशरासन:

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Luego vienen Viviṁśati, Vikarṇa, Śala, Sattva, Sulochana; los dos hermanos Citra y Upacitra; y también Citrākṣa y Cāru-citra-śarāsana (aquel cuyo arco es bellamente jaspeado).»

Verse 5

दुर्मदो दुर्विगाहश्न विवित्सुर्विकटानन: । ऊर्णनाभ: सुनाभश्न तथा नन्दोपनन्दकौ

Vaiśampāyana said: “(O Janamejaya,) among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons were Durmada, Durvigāha, Vivitsu, Vikaṭānana, Ūrṇanābha, Sunābha, and also the two brothers Nanda and Upananda.” In this section the narrator continues the formal cataloguing of the Kaurava offspring—an epic device that frames the coming conflict as the outcome of an immense lineage and the weight of inherited power.

Verse 6

वैशम्पायनजीने कहा--(जनमेजय! धूृतराष्ट्रके पुत्रोंके नाम क्रमश: ये हैं--) १. दुर्योधन

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, the names of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, in due order, are these—Duryodhana, Yuyutsu, Duḥśāsana, Duḥsaha, Duḥśala, Jalasandha, Sama, Saha, Vinda, Anuvinda, Durdharṣa, Subāhu, Duṣpradharṣaṇa, Durmarṣaṇa, Durmukha, Duṣkarṇa, Karṇa, Viviṃśati, Vikarṇa, Śala, Sattva, Sulocana, Citra, Upacitra, Citrākṣa, Cārucitraśarāsana, Durmada, Durvigāha, Vivitsu, Vikaṭānana, Ūrṇanābha, Sunābha, Nanda, Upananda, Citrabāṇa, Citravarmā, Suvarmā, Durvirocana, Ayobāhu, Mahābāhu, Citrāṅga, Citrakuṇḍala, Bhīmavega, Bhīmabala, Balākī, Balavardhana, Ugrāyudha, Suṣeṇa, Kuṇḍodara, Mahodara, Citrāyudha, Niṣaṅgī, Pāśī, Vṛndāraka, Dṛḍhavarmā, Dṛḍhakṣatra, Somakīrti, Anūdara, Dṛḍhasandha, Jarāsandha, Satyasandha, Sadaḥsuvāk, Ugraśravā, Ugrasena, Senānī, Duṣparājaya, Aparājita, Paṇḍitaka, Viśālākṣa, Durādhara, Dṛḍhahasta, Suhasta, Vātavega, Suvarcā, Ādityaketu, Bahlāśī, Nāgadatta, Agrayāyī, Kavacī, Krathana, Daṇḍī, Daṇḍadhāra, Dhanugraha, Ugra, Bhīmaratha, Vīrabāhu, Alolupa, Abhaya, Raudrakarmā, Dṛḍharathāśraya, Anādhṛṣya, Kuṇḍabhedī, Virāvī, Pramatha (adorned with wondrous earrings), Pramāthī, Dīrgharomā, Dīrghabāhu, Vyūḍhoru, Kanakadhvaja, Kuṇḍāśī, and Virajā. These were Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s hundred sons; besides them there was also a daughter named Duḥśalā.” In ethical and narrative terms, the passage functions as a genealogical register: it foregrounds the sheer magnitude of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s lineage, setting the stage for how power, partiality, and dynastic pride can swell into collective conflict when not governed by dharma and restraint.

Verse 7

चित्रबाणश्षित्रवर्मा सुवर्मा दुर्विरोचन: । अयोबाहुर्महाबाहुभ्रित्राज्ञश्चित्रकुण्डल: ।।

Vaiśampāyana said: Among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons were those named Citrabāṇa, Citravarmā, Suvarmā, and Durvirocana; also Ayobāhu and Mahābāhu, and Citrakuṇḍala. Likewise there were Bhīmavega and Bhīmabala, Balākī and Balavardhana, as well as Ugrāyudha and Suṣeṇa, and the two—Kuṇḍodara and Mahodara. In this section the epic continues its formal catalogue of the Kaurava princes, emphasizing the sheer magnitude of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s lineage—an abundance that later becomes ethically charged, as power and numbers are repeatedly shown to be insufficient without restraint and dharma.

Verse 8

वैशम्पायनजीने कहा--(जनमेजय! धूृतराष्ट्रके पुत्रोंके नाम क्रमश: ये हैं--) १. दुर्योधन

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, the names of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, in due order, are as follows—Duryodhana, Yuyutsu, Duḥśāsana, Duḥsaha, Duḥśala, Jalasandha, Sama, Saha, Vinda, Anuvinda, Durdharṣa, Subāhu, Duṣpradharṣaṇa, Durmarṣaṇa, Durmukha, Duṣkarṇa, Karṇa, Viviṃśati, Vikarṇa, Śala, Sattva, Sulocana, Citra, Upacitra, Citrākṣa, Cārucitraśarāsana, Durmada, Durvigāha, Vivitsu, Vikaṭānana, Ūrṇanābha, Sunābha (Padmanābha), Nanda, Upananda, Citrabāṇa (Citrabāhu), Citravarman, Suvarman, Durvirocana, Ayobāhu, Mahābāhu, Citrāṅga (Citrāṅgada), Citrakuṇḍala (Sukuṇḍala), Bhīmavega, Bhīmabala, Balākī, Balavardhana (Vikrama), Ugrāyudha, Suṣeṇa, Kuṇḍodara, Mahodara, Citrāyudha (Dṛḍhāyudha), Niṣaṅgin, Pāśin, Vṛndāraka, Dṛḍhavarman, Dṛḍhakṣatra, Somakīrti, Anūdara, Dṛḍhasandha, Jarāsandha, Satyasandha, Sadaḥsuvāk (Sahasravāk), Ugraśravā, Ugrasena, Senānī (Senāpati), Duṣparājaya, Aparājita, Paṇḍitaka, Viśālākṣa, Durādhara (Durādhana), Dṛḍhahasta, Suhasta, Vātavega, Suvarcā, Ādityaketu, Bahlāśin, Nāgadatta, Agrayāyin (Anuyāyin), Kavacin, Krathana, Daṇḍin, Daṇḍadhāra, Dhanugraha, Ugra, Bhīmaratha, Vīrabāhu, Alolupa, Abhaya, Raudrakarman, Dṛḍharathāśraya (Dṛḍharatha), Anādhṛṣya, Kuṇḍabhedin, Virāvin, Pramatha (adorned with wondrous earrings), Pramāthin, Dīrgharomā (Dīrghalocana), Dīrghabāhu, Vyūḍhoru, Kanakadhvaja (Kanakāṅgada), Kuṇḍāśin (Kuṇḍaja), and Virajā. These were Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s hundred sons. Besides them, there was one daughter named Duḥśalā, counted as ‘more than the hundred.’” In the epic’s moral frame, this catalog is not mere genealogy: it foreshadows how a vast royal lineage, when driven by pride and rivalry, can become the instrument through which adharma gathers force and finally collapses under its own weight.

Verse 9

वैशम्पायनजीने कहा--(जनमेजय! धूृतराष्ट्रके पुत्रोंके नाम क्रमश: ये हैं--) १. दुर्योधन

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, the names of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, in due order, are these—Duryodhana, Yuyutsu, Duḥśāsana, and so on (a long enumeration of one hundred). These were Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s hundred sons; besides them there was one daughter named Duḥśalā.” In narrative terms, this catalogue fixes the Kaurava lineage for the listener: it is not merely a list, but a formal anchoring of responsibility and consequence. The epic will later show how the concentration of power in this single house—especially under Duryodhana’s leadership—becomes a moral pressure-point for the kingdom, where personal ambition and envy repeatedly collide with dharma and kinship obligations.

Verse 10

चित्रायुधो निषद्गी च पाशी वृन्दारकस्तथा । दृढवर्मा दृढक्षत्र: सोमकीर्तिरनूदर: ।।

Vaiśampāyana said: Among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons were these princes—Citrāyudha, Niṣaṅgī, Pāśī, and Vṛndāraka; also Dṛḍhavarmā, Dṛḍhakṣatra, Somakīrti, and Anūdara; Dṛḍhasandha, Jarāsandha, Satyasandha, and Sadaḥsuvāk; Ugraśnavā, Ugrasena, Senānī, and Duṣparājaya; Aparājita, Paṇḍitaka, Viśālākṣa, and Durādhara; Dṛḍhahasta and Suhasta, along with Vātavega and Suvarcas. In this genealogical recital, the epic underscores how the Kuru house’s power is expressed through a multitude of heirs—yet the moral weight of the story will turn not on the abundance of names, but on how these heirs choose (or fail) to uphold dharma.

Verse 11

आदित्यकेतुर्बह्नाशी नागदत्तो5ग्रयाय्यपि । कवची क्रथन: दण्डी दण्डधारो धरनुग्रह:

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (the Kauravas), these too were named in sequence—Ādityaketu, Bahṇāśī, Nāgadatta, Agrayāyī, Kavacī, Krathana, Daṇḍī, Daṇḍadhāra, and Dhanugraha.” In this portion of the genealogy, the epic underscores how a vast lineage and the pride of numbers can become a backdrop for rivalry and adharma when not guided by restraint and righteous counsel.

Verse 12

उग्रभीमरथौ वीरौ वीरबाहुरलोलुप: । अभयो रीौद्रकर्मा च तथा दृढरथाश्रय:

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons were these valiant warriors—Ugrabhīmaratha, Vīrabāhu, Alolupa, Abhaya, Raudrakarmā, and likewise Dṛḍharathāśraya.” In this genealogical catalogue, the epic underscores how the Kuru court’s future conflict is populated by many named heirs, each presented with martial epithets that foreshadow the coming struggle over power and dharma.

Verse 13

अनाधृष्य: कुण्डभेदी विरावी चित्रकुण्डल: । प्रमथश्न प्रमाथी च दीर्घरोमश्न वीर्यवान्‌

Vaiśampāyana said: “O Janamejaya, continuing the enumeration of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons in due order—these are their names: Anādhṛṣya (‘the unassailable’), Kuṇḍabhedī (‘piercer of earrings/armor’), Virāvī (‘the loud-roaring’), Citrakuṇḍala (‘he of variegated earrings’), Pramatha, Pramāthī, and Dīrgharomā (‘long-haired’), the mighty.” In this passage the epic underscores how lineage is remembered through names that advertise strength and martial prowess—an ominous foreshadowing of how pride in power, when ungoverned by dharma, ripens into collective ruin.

Verse 14

दीर्घबाहुर्महाबाहुर्व्यूडोरु: कनकध्वज: । कुण्डाशी विरजाश्वैव दुःशला च शताधिका

Vaiśampāyana said: Among Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s children were (sons named) Dīrghabāhu, Mahābāhu, Vyūḍhoru, Kanakadhvaja, Kuṇḍāśī, and Virajā; and there was also Duḥśalā, a daughter—making the count exceed a hundred. The passage continues the formal catalogue of the Kaurava offspring, underscoring the scale of Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s lineage that will later become entangled in questions of rightful conduct and the burdens of dynastic ambition.

Verse 15

इति पुत्रशतं राजन्‌ कन्या चैव शताधिका । नामधेयानुपूर्व्येण विद्धि जन्मक्रमं नृप

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Así pues, oh rey, hubo cien hijos varones y, además de esos cien, una hija. Oh soberano, entiende que el orden en que se recitan sus nombres es el mismo orden de sus nacimientos».

Verse 16

सर्वे त्वतिरथा: शूरा: सर्वे युद्धविशारदा: । सर्वे वेदविदश्नैव सर्वे सर्वास्त्रकोविदा:

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Todos ellos eran atirathas —campeones poderosísimos— y todos eran valientes. Cada uno era diestro en la ciencia de la guerra; cada uno conocía los Vedas; y cada uno dominaba toda clase de armas».

Verse 17

सर्वेषामनुरूपाश्न कृता दारा महीपते । धृतराष्ट्रेण समये परीक्ष्य विधिवन्नूप

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Oh rey Janamejaya, cuando llegó el tiempo oportuno, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, tras indagar y considerar con cuidado, concertó los matrimonios de todos sus hijos con esposas adecuadas para cada uno, conforme a los ritos prescritos».

Verse 18

दुःशलां चापि समये धृतराष्ट्रो नराधिप: । जयद्रथाय प्रददौ विधिना भरतर्षभ

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «A su debido tiempo, el rey Dhṛtarāṣṭra, señor de los hombres, entregó conforme al rito a su hija Duḥśalā en matrimonio a Jayadratha, oh el mejor de los Bhāratas, oh Janamejaya».

Verse 115

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत आदिपर्वके अन्तर्गत सम्भवपर्वमें दुःशलाकी उत्पत्तिसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाला एक सौ पंद्रहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

Así concluye el capítulo ciento quince del Sambhava Parva, dentro del Ādi Parva del Śrī Mahābhārata, relativo al relato vinculado con el nacimiento de Duḥśalā.

Verse 116

इति श्रीमहा भारते आदिपर्वणि सम्भवपर्वणि धृतराष्ट्रपुत्रनामकथने षोडशाधिकशततमोड<ध्याय:

Así concluye, en el Śrī Mahābhārata, dentro del Ādi Parva y en particular del Sambhava Parva, el capítulo titulado “La narración de los nombres de los hijos de Dhṛtarāṣṭra”: el capítulo centésimo decimosexto. Este colofón señala la culminación de una unidad de enseñanza: el cuidadoso acto de nombrar y registrar los linajes, presentado como marco moral e histórico para los conflictos que vendrán.