Shloka 23

Kiṃpuruṣa–Harivarṣa–Ilāvṛta-varṣa-varṇanam

Description of the Varṣas: Kiṃpuruṣa, Hari, and Ilāvṛta

Devanagari script

मेरोस्तु दक्षिणे पार्श्वे निषधस्योत्तरेण च / सुदर्शनो नाम महाञ्जम्बूवृक्षः सनातनः

Transliteration

merostu dakṣiṇe pārśve niṣadhasyottareṇa ca / sudarśano nāma mahāñjambūvṛkṣaḥ sanātanaḥ

Translation

En la ladera meridional del Meru y al norte del monte Niṣadha se alza el eterno gran árbol de jambu, llamado Sudarśana.

Word by Word

• meroḥ: of Meru
• meroḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location relation via genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: meru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• dakṣiṇe: on the southern
• dakṣiṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); used with pārśve: ‘on the southern side’

• pārśve: side/flank
• pārśve: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pārśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• niṣadhasya: of Niṣadha (mountain)
• niṣadhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niṣadha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• uttareṇa: to the north (of)
• uttareṇa: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Spatial relation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental used adverbially (तृतीया-अव्ययीभाव) meaning ‘to the north of’; avyaya-prayoga

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• sudarśanaḥ: Sudarśana (name)
• sudarśanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: su-darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); proper name; कर्मधारयः ‘good/beautiful to see’

• nāma: named
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Naming marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Indeclinable usage (अव्यय) meaning ‘by name/namely’

• mahān: great
• mahān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with vṛkṣaḥ

• jambū-vṛkṣaḥ: jambū tree
• jambū-vṛkṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jambū (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुषः ‘jambūyāḥ vṛkṣaḥ’

• sanātanaḥ: eternal/ancient
• sanātanaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sanātana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with vṛkṣaḥ