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Agni Purana — Raja-dharma, Shloka 23

Rājanīti (Statecraft): Ṣaḍvidha-bala, Vyūha-vidhāna, and Strategic Warfare

निशि विश्रब्धसंसुप्तं नागैर् वा खड्गपाणिभिः प्रयाने पूर्वयायित्वं वनदुर्गप्रवेशनं

niśi viśrabdhasaṃsuptaṃ nāgair vā khaḍgapāṇibhiḥ prayāne pūrvayāyitvaṃ vanadurgapraveśanaṃ

De noche, cuando el objetivo está confiado y profundamente dormido, debe avanzarse con elefantes o con hombres de espada en mano. En una marcha, debe enviarse primero una avanzadilla, y luego emprender la entrada en los fuertes del bosque.

niśiat night
niśi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootniś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — ‘निशि’
viśrabdha-saṃsuptamsound asleep and off-guard
viśrabdha-saṃsuptam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootviśrabdha (कृदन्त; √śrambh/vi-śrambh) + saṃsupta (कृदन्त; √svap)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः — ‘विश्वस्तं च संसुप्तं च’ (गाढनिद्रया सुप्त)
nāgaiḥwith elephants
nāgaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — ‘नागैः’ (हस्तिभिः)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय — ‘वा’
khaḍga-pāṇibhiḥby sword-in-hand (men)
khaḍga-pāṇibhiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaḍga (प्रातिपदिक) + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः — ‘खड्गः पाणौ येषां ते’
prayāneduring a march/departure
prayāne:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootprayāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘प्रयाणे’ (यात्राकाले)
pūrva-yāyitvamgoing ahead in advance/advance movement
pūrva-yāyitvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + yāyitva (प्रातिपदिक; भाव)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पूर्वं यायित्वम्’ = अग्रगमन/पूर्वगमन-भावः
vana-durga-praveśanamentering a forest-fort/forest stronghold
vana-durga-praveśanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक) + durga (प्रातिपदिक) + praveśana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वनस्य दुर्गस्य (वा) प्रवेशणम्’ — वन-दुर्ग-प्रवेश

Lord Agni (in instruction to Vasiṣṭha, within the Agni Purana’s didactic narration)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Arthashastra","secondary_vidya":"Dhanurveda","practical_application":"Night operations and marching protocol: conduct nocturnal strikes with elephants or sword-units; use advance parties and secure entry into forest-forts.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Night Strike with Elephants/Swords; Advance Party and Entry into Forest-Forts","lookup_keywords":["nishi-supta","naga-bala","khadga-pani","purva-yayitva","vana-durga"],"quick_summary":"At night, strike an unsuspecting sleeping target using elephant corps or sword-bearing troops. On the march, send an advance detachment and then enter/secure forest-forts methodically."}

Weapon Type: Sword; Elephant corps

Concept: Raksha and jaya through organization: proper sequencing (vanguard first) and terrain mastery (forest-forts).

Application: Military SOP: always deploy an advance party, reconnoiter forest approaches, and choose force type suited to night objectives.

Khanda Section: Rajadharma & Niti-shastra (Statecraft, security, and strategic conduct)

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: Fort/Stronghold

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A night march: elephants and sword-bearing soldiers move toward a sleeping target; ahead, a vanguard scouts a forest path leading into a fortified woodland stronghold.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: nocturnal forest-fort scene with stylized trees, elephants advancing, sword-bearers in formation, vanguard scouts ahead, deep greens and reds, strong outlines","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: majestic elephants with gold ornamentation, sword infantry with gilded highlights, moonlit forest-fort gate, ornate border and rich colors","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: clear tactical illustration—vanguard ahead, main body with elephants and swords, forest-fort entry point marked, refined linework and soft tones","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: moonlit forest with detailed foliage, armored elephants, soldiers with curved swords, scouts at front, fort palisade visible, intricate realism"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Darbari Kanada","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: viśrabdhasaṃsuptaṃ → viśrabdha-saṃsuptam; nāgair → nāgaiḥ; vanadurgapraveśanaṃ → vana-durga-praveśanam.

Related Themes: Agni Purana Dhanurveda on gaja-sena (elephants), infantry weapons, and night tactics; Agni Purana Rajadharma on durga-types and protection of the realm

A
Agni Purana
N
naga (war-elephants)
K
khaḍga (sword)
V
vana-durga (forest-fort)

FAQs

It imparts practical niti/rajaniti guidance: night action when the opponent is unsuspecting, use of war-elephants or sword troops, and the tactical rule of sending an advance party (vanguard/scouts) before entering difficult terrain like a forest-fort.

Beyond theology, the Agni Purana preserves applied knowledge of governance and warfare—march discipline, reconnaissance, troop-type deployment (elephants/infantry), and fort-terrain tactics—showing its coverage of statecraft alongside ritual and spiritual topics.

Within Rajadharma, strategic caution is framed as a ruler’s duty (dharma) to protect the realm; prudent planning and minimizing risk to one’s people supports righteous governance, even when the instruction itself is technical rather than explicitly ritual.