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Shloka 37

अर्जुनस्य अन्त्येष्टि, द्वारकाप्लावनम्, कलिप्रवेशः, कालोपदेशः

अवीरजोऽनुगमनं ब्रह्महत्याथवा कृता दृढाशाभङ्गदुःखीव भ्रष्टच्छायो ऽसि साम्प्रतम्

avīrajo'nugamanaṃ brahmahatyāthavā kṛtā dṛḍhāśābhaṅgaduḥkhīva bhraṣṭacchāyo 'si sāmpratam

“Either you have followed one unworthy and devoid of true manliness, or else you have committed the sin of brahmin-slaying; for now you stand as though crushed by the shattering of a firm hope—your radiance fallen away, your very shadow dimmed.”

अवीरजःwithout vigor/energy
अवीरजः:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ (नञ्) + वीरज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नञ्-समासार्थः (वीरज-रहितः)
अनुगमनम्following; pursuit
अनुगमनम्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootअनु-गम् (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कृदन्त-नाम (ल्युट्/घञ्-भाववाचक)
ब्रह्महत्याthe sin of brahmin-slaying
ब्रह्महत्या:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + हत्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ब्रह्मणः हत्या)
अथवाor else
अथवा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-समुच्चय (disjunctive particle)
कृताdone; committed
कृता:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (ब्रह्महत्या) कृता = committed
दृढाशाभङ्गदुःखीवas if distressed by the breaking of firm hopes
दृढाशाभङ्गदुःखीव:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ (प्रातिपदिक) + आशा (प्रातिपदिक) + भङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + दुःखिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + इव (अव्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषसमासः (दृढायाः आशायाः भङ्गेन दुःखी) + उपमा-अव्यय ‘इव’
भ्रष्टच्छायःone whose radiance/shadow has fallen
भ्रष्टच्छायः:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + छाया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (भ्रष्टा छाया यस्य/भ्रष्ट-छायः)
असिyou are
असि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd), एकवचन
साम्प्रतम्now; at present
साम्प्रतम्:
Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाम्प्रतम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time)

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya; the verse is voiced as a rebuke within the story)

Concept: Association with the unworthy and grave sins like brahmahatyā are portrayed as causes of inner darkness and loss of spiritual radiance.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Choose companions carefully, avoid ethically corrosive choices, and address guilt through confession, atonement, and reform.

Vishishtadvaita: Tejas as a dharmic indicator within the Lord-ordered cosmos; ethical violation disrupts one’s harmony as a mode (prakāra) of Brahman.

FAQs

In this verse, brahmahatyā is invoked as an extreme moral transgression whose consequence is visible decline—loss of radiance and inner stability—signaling a fall from dharma.

Through narrative rebuke: the person is described as hope-broken and ‘bereft of luster,’ implying that inner wrongdoing manifests outwardly as diminished tejas and presence.

Even when not named, the Purāṇa’s moral universe assumes Vishnu as the upholder of ṛta/dharma; deviation from dharma brings disorder and decline, reinforcing Vishnu’s role as the sovereign ground of order.