Shloka 27

Devanagari script

व्यापी व्याप्यः क्रिया कर्ता कार्यं च भगवान् यदा सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य स्तूयते तव किं तदा

Transliteration

vyāpī vyāpyaḥ kriyā kartā kāryaṃ ca bhagavān yadā sarvabhūtātmabhūtasya stūyate tava kiṃ tadā

Translation

When the Blessed Lord is praised as the all-pervading One and that which is pervaded; as action itself, the doer, and the very fruit—when You, become the Self of all beings, are thus extolled, what could then remain?

Word by Word

• व्यापी: all-pervading
• व्यापी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यापिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (Masculine nominative singular adjective)

• व्याप्यः: that which is pervaded / pervadable
• व्याप्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्याप्य (प्रातिपदिक; √व्याप् धातु-सम्बद्ध)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (Masculine nominative singular adjective)

• क्रिया: action
• क्रिया: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Feminine nominative singular)

• कर्ता: doer/agent
• कर्ता: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Masculine nominative singular)

• कार्यं: effect; what is to be done
• कार्यं: Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Neuter nom/acc singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• भगवान्: the Blessed Lord
• भगवान्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Masculine nominative singular)

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: 'when')

• सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य: of (you) who are the self of all beings
• सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व-भूत-आत्म-भूत (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; विशेषण (Genitive singular adjective: 'of the one who has become the Self of all beings')

• स्तूयते: is praised
• स्तूयते: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्तु (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (3rd person singular passive)

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Genitive singular pronoun)

• किं: what?
• किं: Karma (कर्म/Interrogative object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक (Interrogative neuter sg)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: 'then')

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (in discourse to Maitreya; hymn-like philosophical exposition)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Krishna’s slaying of Naraka and the ensuing events, including the theological import of praise and forgiveness.

Teaching: Devotional

Quality: revealing

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: To protect the world by destroying Naraka and restoring what was unjustly taken, thereby re-establishing dharma.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Protection of beings and restoration of rightful order against tyrannical adharma.

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: When the Lord is understood as pervader and pervaded, agent and act and result, praise becomes a recognition of his all-inclusive reality.

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: Contemplate the divine as present in self, others, and actions; offer every act and its fruit as worship rather than as personal achievement.

Vishishtadvaita: Affirms the Lord as antaryāmin and as the ground of all modes (cit and acit), with beings as real dependents whose actions can be offered to him.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Para-Brahman

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the significance of calling Vishnu both 'vyāpī' (pervader) and 'vyāpya' (pervaded) in the Vishnu Purana?

It affirms Vishnu’s sovereignty over the universe while also declaring His immanence: the world exists within His presence and power, yet He remains the supreme ground of it.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the idea of Vishnu as action, doer, and result?

By attributing kriyā (process), kartā (agency), and kārya (outcome) to the Lord, the verse frames all causality and cosmic functioning as dependent on Vishnu—nothing stands outside His governance.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu here?

The verse presents Vishnu as the inner Self of all beings and the totality of cause and effect, supporting a devotional vision where praising Him is tantamount to encompassing all reality.