Shloka 41

निवृत्तास् तास् ततो गोप्यो निराशाः कृष्णदर्शने यमुनातीरम् आगम्य जगुस् तच्चरितं तदा

nivṛttās tās tato gopyo nirāśāḥ kṛṣṇadarśane yamunātīram āgamya jagus taccaritaṃ tadā

Then those cowherd maidens, their hope of beholding Kṛṣṇa frustrated, turned back. Reaching the bank of the Yamunā, they began at once to sing of his deeds and līlās—letting remembrance become their only sight of him.

निवृत्ताःreturned
निवृत्ताः:
Karta (Subject-complement/कर्तृसम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि√वृत् (धातु) → निवृत्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन — past passive participle; predicate of gopyaḥ
ताःthose (women)
ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन — pronoun
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय — adverb (thereupon/from there)
गोप्यःthe cowherd women
गोप्यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन — nominative plural
निराशाःhopeless, disappointed
निराशाः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन — adjective to gopyaḥ
कृष्णof Krishna
कृष्ण:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — in compound relation
दर्शनेin (the matter of) seeing
दर्शने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — locative singular
यमुनाof Yamunā
यमुना:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयमुना (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — in compound relation
तीरम्bank/shore
तीरम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular
आगम्यhaving come
आगम्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ√गम् (धातु) → आगम्य (कृदन्त, ल्यप्/क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्ययभाव (gerund) — having come
जगुःsang
जगुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√गै (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन — they sang
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — demonstrative used adjectivally to caritam
चरितम्deed, story, conduct
चरितम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootचरित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Kala-adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय — adverb of time

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: How the gopīs respond to separation—turning to song at the Yamunā bank.

Teaching: Devotional

Quality: compassionate

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa draws the gopīs from frustrated seeking into kīrtana, making remembrance itself the mode of encounter.

Leela: Moksha-dana

Dharma Restored: Kīrtana/smaraṇa as sustaining dharma in separation; devotion transforms loss into worship.

Concept: When direct vision fails, bhakti converts separation into presence through singing and remembrance of the Lord’s līlā.

Vedantic Theme: Moksha

Application: Use kīrtana, stotra-recitation, and narrative remembrance as steady supports during spiritual dryness or absence of ‘felt’ presence.

Vishishtadvaita: The Lord is personally accessible through loving remembrance; relationship (sambandha) is real and persists beyond sensory contact.

Vishnu Form: Krishna

Bhakti Type: Madhurya

K
Krishna
Y
Yamuna

FAQs

It shows that when direct darśana is denied, devotion transforms into kīrtana and smaraṇa—remembering and singing Krishna becomes a living encounter with him.

Parāśara frames their disappointment not as mere loss but as a narrative turn: separation intensifies love, and that intensified love expresses itself as song recounting Krishna’s līlā.

Krishna’s apparent absence highlights divine sovereignty: the Supreme draws the heart beyond sensory contact into steadfast bhakti, where remembrance and praise become a path to communion.