Shloka 63

दुर्वासाशापः, क्षीरसागरमन्थनम्, श्रीः (लक्ष्मी) उद्भवः तथा श्रीस्तुतिः

Devanagari script

अश्विनौ वसवश् चेमे सर्वे चैते मरुद्गणाः साध्या विश्वे तथा देवा देवेन्द्रश् चायम् ईश्वरः

Transliteration

aśvinau vasavaś ceme sarve caite marudgaṇāḥ sādhyā viśve tathā devā devendraś cāyam īśvaraḥ

Translation

These are the Aśvins; these are the Vasus; and all these are the hosts of the Maruts; likewise the Sādhyas, the Viśvedevas, and the other gods—while this one is Devendra, the sovereign lord among them.

Word by Word

• अश्विनौ: the Aśvins (two)
• अश्विनौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन

• वसवः: the Vasus
• वसवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• इमे: these
• इमे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• मरुद्गणाः: the groups of Maruts
• मरुद्गणाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘मरुतां गणाः’)

• साध्याः: the Sādhyas
• साध्याः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• विश्वे: the Viśve (gods)
• विश्वे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘विश्वे (देवाः)’ इति रूढि

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• देवेन्द्रः: Indra, lord of the gods
• देवेन्द्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘देवानाम् इन्द्रः’)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ईश्वरः: the Lord
• ईश्वरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (in instruction to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Enumeration of celestial classes (Aśvins, Vasus, Maruts, Sādhyas, Viśvedevas) and Indra as offices subsumed under the Supreme

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: revealing

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Secondary

Cosmic Hierarchy: Lokas

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The many classes of gods and even Indra’s sovereignty are offices within the one divine governance of the Supreme Lord.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Honor diverse sacred forms and traditions while grounding worship in the one supreme source, cultivating unity and humility.

Vishishtadvaita: Affirms real plurality of divine beings as subordinate, coordinated modes within the Lord’s sovereignty (īśitṛtva) rather than competing ultimates.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Narayana

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Aśvins
• Vasus
• Maruts
• Sādhyas
• Viśvedevas
• Devendra (Indra)

FAQs

What is the significance of listing the Aśvins, Vasus, Maruts, Sādhyas, and Viśvedevas in the Vishnu Purana?

The verse maps the cosmic administration by naming key classes of devas, showing an ordered hierarchy through which the universe is governed.

How does Sage Parāśara explain divine governance in this passage?

Parāśara identifies distinct groups of gods and then points to Devendra as the sovereign among them, emphasizing structured leadership within the celestial realm.

What is the theological importance of Devendra (Indra) being called “īśvara” here?

It highlights Indra’s functional lordship over the devas in the cosmic order, while remaining a delegated authority within the broader Purāṇic vision of supreme sovereignty.