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Shloka 13

Devanagari script

यः स्थूलसूक्ष्मः प्रकटप्रकाशो यः सर्वभूतो न च सर्वभूतः विश्वं यतश् चैतद् अविश्वहेतोर् नमो ऽस्तु तस्मै पुरुषोत्तमाय

Transliteration

yaḥ sthūlasūkṣmaḥ prakaṭaprakāśo yaḥ sarvabhūto na ca sarvabhūtaḥ viśvaṃ yataś caitad aviśvahetor namo 'stu tasmai puruṣottamāya

Translation

Salutations to that Supreme Person: He is both the gross and the subtle; His light is manifest and self-revealing. He pervades all beings, yet is not confined to any being; from Him this entire universe proceeds, though He Himself is the cause beyond the universe.

Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (rel. pron.)
स्थूलgross
स्थूल:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग
सूक्ष्मः(both) gross and subtle
सूक्ष्मः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासः—स्थूलसूक्ष्मः = स्थूलश्च सूक्ष्मश्च (द्वन्द्व)
प्रकटmanifest
प्रकट:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग
प्रकाशःmanifest light/splendour
प्रकाशः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासः—प्रकटप्रकाशः = प्रकटः प्रकाशः (कर्मधारय)
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम
सर्वall
सर्व:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग
भूतःwho is all beings / all-existent
भूतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासः—सर्वभूतः = सर्वं भूतं (भूतानि) यस्य/यः (बहुव्रीह्यर्थे प्रयोगः, परन्तु रूपतः तत्पुरुष-समासाङ्ग)
नnot
न:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
Formअव्यय (निषेध-निपात)
चand
च:
Connector (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय/अन्वय)
सर्वall
सर्व:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग
भूतःall beings (as identity)
भूतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; समासः—सर्वभूतः (पूर्ववत्)
विश्वम्the universe
विश्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; कर्म/विषय (contextual)
यतःfrom whom
यतः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (सम्बन्ध-प्रश्न/सम्बन्धक), ‘यतः’ = यस्मात् (ablative sense ‘from whom/whence’)
चand
च:
Connector (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; ‘this’
अविश्वof the non-universe / beyond the universe
अविश्व:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootअविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; समासाङ्ग
हेतोःof the cause beyond the universe
हेतोः:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; समासः—अविश्वहेतोः = अविश्वस्य हेतुः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष), षष्ठी एकवचन
नमःsalutation
नमः:
Prayojana/Discourse (Salutation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (नमस्कारार्थक)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ/benedictive imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन (dat. sg.)
पुरुषोत्तमायto the Supreme Person
पुरुषोत्तमाय:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; समासः—पुरुषोत्तम = पुरुषाणाम् उत्तमः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
Speaker

Sage Parāśara (in instruction to Maitreya, within a hymn of praise to Vishnu)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: How the Supreme is both immanent (gross/subtle; pervading beings) and transcendent (cause beyond the universe)

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: revealing

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Primary

Cosmic Hierarchy: Brahmanda

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Puruṣottama is simultaneously the gross and subtle, self-luminous, all-pervading yet not limited by beings, and the transcendent cause from whom the universe proceeds.

Vedantic Theme: Atman

Application: Meditate on the Lord as the light of awareness itself and as the sustaining presence in all forms, while remembering His freedom from limitation—supporting both devotion and discernment.

Vishishtadvaita: Balances immanence and transcendence: the universe truly proceeds from Him (real effect), yet He remains ‘aviśva-hetu’—not exhausted by the world, preserving His supremacy.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Puruṣottama

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse presents Vishnu as the ground of both manifest matter and subtle principles—He pervades all levels of reality, from tangible forms to imperceptible causes.

Parāśara frames Vishnu as sarva-bhūta (all-pervading) while also “not” a finite entity among entities—affirming divine immanence without reducing the Supreme to the world’s limitations.

“Puruṣottama” identifies Vishnu as the highest Person and ultimate cause—worthy of worship as the transcendent yet present Lord who originates the cosmos.

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