Kena

Verse 1

केन इषितम् पतति प्रेषितम् मनः केन प्राणः प्रथमः प्रैति युक्तः । केन इषिताम् वाचम् इमाम् वदन्ति चक्षुः श्रोत्रं क उ देवो युनक्ति ॥१॥

Verse 2

श्रोत्रस्य श्रोत्रं मनसो मनो यत् वाचः ह वाचम् स उ प्राणस्य प्राणः । चक्षुषः चक्षुः अतिमुच्य धीराः प्रेत्य अस्मात् लोकात् अमृताः भवन्ति ॥२॥

Verse 3

न तत्र चक्षुः गच्छति न वाक् गच्छति नो मनो न विद्मो न विजानीमो यथा एतत् अनुशिष्यात् अन्यत् एव तत् विदितात् अथो अविदितात् अधि । इति शुश्रुम पूर्वेषां ये नः तत् व्याचचक्षिरे ॥३॥

Verse 4

यद्वाचा अनभ्युदितं येन वागभ्युद्यते । तदेव ब्रह्म त्वं विद्धि नेदं यदिदमुपासते ॥४॥

Know as Brahman that silent Reality which no words can capture, yet by whose power all speech arises; it is not the limited object the mind turns into something to be worshipped.

Verse 5

यन्मनसा न मनुते येनाहुर्मनो मतम् । तदेव ब्रह्म त्वं विद्धि नेदं यदिदमुपासते ॥५॥

Know as Brahman that which the mind cannot conceive, yet by whose light the mind itself is known and able to think; it is not the mental image people take as God.

Verse 6

यच्चक्षुषा न पश्यति येन चक्षूँषि पश्यति । तदेव ब्रह्म त्वं विद्धि नेदं यदिदमुपासते ॥६॥

Know as Brahman that which no eye can behold, yet by whose presence all seeing becomes possible; it is not the visible form the mind turns into an idol of the ultimate.

Verse 7

यत् श्रोत्रेण न श्रणोति येन श्रोत्रम् इदम् श्रुतम् । तत् एव बृह्म त्वं विद्धि न इदम् यत् इदम् उपासते ॥७॥

Verse 8

यत् प्राणेन न प्राणिति येन प्राणः प्रणीयते । तत् एव बृह्म त्वं विद्धि न इदम् यत् इदम् उपासते ॥८॥

Verse 1

यदि मन्यसे सुवेदेति दभ्रमेवापि नूनं त्वं वेत्थ ब्रह्मणो रूपम् । यदस्य त्वं यदस्य देवेष्वथ नु मीमांस्यमेव ते मन्ये विदितम् ॥१॥

If you feel, ‘I have fully understood Brahman,’ you have grasped only a fragment—what appears as ‘I’ and what appears as divine powers. So what you call knowledge must still be deepened through inquiry until it becomes direct realization.

Verse 2

नाहं मन्ये सुवेदेति नो न वेदेति वेद च । यो नस्तद्वेद तद्वेद नो न वेदेति वेद च ॥२॥

I do not think, “I know It well,” nor do I think, “I do not know.” Whoever among us knows That (Brahman) knows It, and also knows that It is not known as an ordinary object.

Verse 3

यस्यामतं तस्य मतं मतं यस्य न वेद सः । अविज्ञातं विजानतां विज्ञातमविजानताम् ॥३॥

For whom It is not conceived as an object of thought, for him It is truly known; but he who thinks he knows It, knows It not. It is unknown to those who know It as an object, and known to those who do not objectify It.

Verse 4

प्रतिबोधविदितं मतममृतत्वं हि विन्दते । आत्मना विन्दते वीर्यं विद्यया विन्दतेऽमृतम् ॥४॥

True understanding is that which is known in each act of awareness; by that one indeed attains immortality. Through the Self one gains strength; through knowledge one attains immortality.

Verse 5

इह चेदवेदीदथ सत्यमस्ति न चेदीहावेदीन्महती विनष्टिः । भूतेषु भूतेषु विचित्य धीराः प्रेत्यास्माल्लोकादमृता भवन्ति ॥५॥

If one has known That here, then it is true—the aim is fulfilled. If one has not known It here, there is great loss. Having discerned That in each and every being, the wise, departing from this world, become immortal.

Verse 1

ब्रह्म ह देवेभ्यो विजिग्ये तस्य ह ब्रह्मणो विजये देवा अमहीयन्त । त ऐक्षन्तास्माकमेवायं विजयः अस्माकमेवायं महिमा इति ॥१॥

Brahman, indeed, won the victory for the gods. In that victory of Brahman, the gods became elated. They thought, “This victory is ours alone; this greatness is ours alone.”

Verse 2

तद्धैषां विजज्ञौ तेभ्यो ह प्रादुर्बभूव । तन्न व्यजानत किमिदं यक्षमिति ॥२॥

That (Brahman) knew their thought and indeed appeared before them. But they did not recognize It: “What is this Yakṣa?”

Verse 3

तेऽग्निमब्रुवन्—जातवेद एतद्विजानीहि किमिदं यक्षमिति। तथेति॥३॥

They said to Agni: “O Jātavedas, ascertain this—what is this Yakṣa?” He replied, “So be it.”

Verse 4

तदभ्यद्रवत्। तमभ्यवदत्—कोऽसीति। अग्निर्वा अहमस्मीति अब्रवीत्। जातवेदाः वा अहमस्मीति॥४॥

He ran toward it. It said to him: “Who are you?” Agni replied: “I am Agni indeed; I am Jātavedas indeed.”

Verse 5

तस्मिंस्त्वयि किं वीर्यमिति। अपि सर्वमिदं दहेयं यदिदं पृथिव्यामिति॥५॥

It said: “What power is in you?” He said: “I could burn up all this—whatever is on the earth.”

Verse 6

तस्मै तृणं निदधाव् एतद् दह इति । तद् उपप्रेयाय सर्वजवेन तन् न शशाक दग्धुम् । स तद् एव निववृते, नैतद् अशकद् विज्ञातुं यद् एतद् यक्षम् इति ॥६॥

To him (Agni) it placed a blade of grass and said, “Burn this.” He rushed toward it with all speed, yet he could not burn it. He returned from that very attempt, unable to discern what this Yakṣa was.

Verse 7

अथ वायुम् अब्रुवन्—वायो एतद् विजानीहि किम् एतद् यक्षम् इति । तथा इति ॥७॥

Then they said to Vāyu, “O Vāyu, ascertain this: what is this Yakṣa?” “So be it,” he replied.

Verse 8

तद् अभ्यद्रवत् । तम् अभ्यवदत्—कः असि इति । वायुर् वा अहम् अस्मि इत्य् अब्रवीत् । मातरिश्वा वा अहम् अस्मि इति ॥८॥

He ran toward it. It said to him, “Who are you?” He replied, “I am Vāyu indeed; I am Mātariśvan indeed.”

Verse 9

तस्मिन् त्वयि किं वीर्यम् इति। अपि इदं सर्वम् आददीयम्, यदिदं पृथिव्याम् इति॥९॥

They said to him: “What power is there in you?” And (they said): “Take up indeed all this that is upon the earth.”

Verse 10

तस्मै तृणं निदधौ—एतदादत्स्व इति। तत् उपप्रेयाय सर्वजवेन; तन्न शशाक आदातुम्। स तदेव निववृते—नैतदशकं विज्ञातुं यदेतद् यक्षम् इति॥१०॥

To him it set down a blade of grass, saying, “Take this.” He rushed at it with all speed, yet he was not able to lift it. He returned just so, unable to ascertain what that Yakṣa was.

Verse 11

अथ इन्द्रम् अब्रुवन्—मघवन्, एतद्विजानीहि किमेतद् यक्षम् इति। तथा इति। तदभ्यद्रवत्। तस्मात् तिरोदधे॥११॥

Then they said to Indra: “O Maghavan, ascertain what this Yakṣa is.” He said, “So be it.” He ran toward it; from him it disappeared.

Verse 12

स तस्मिन्नेवाकाशे स्त्रियमाजगाम बहुशोभमानामुमां हैमवतीम्। तां ह उवाच—किमेतद्यक्षमिति॥१२॥

In that very space, Indra came upon a woman—Uma Haimavatī—radiant with great splendor. He said to her: “What is this Yakṣa?”

Verse 1

सा ब्रह्मेति ह उवाच। ब्रह्मणो वा एतद्विजये महीयध्वमिति। ततो ह एव विदाञ्चकार ब्रह्मेति॥१॥

She said: “It is Brahman. Indeed, by the victory of Brahman you have become great.” Thereupon Indra truly came to know: “It is Brahman.”

Verse 2

तस्माद्वा एते देवा अतितरामिव अन्यान्देवान् यदग्निर्वायुरिन्द्रः। ते ह्येनन्नेदिष्ठं पस्पृशुः। ते ह्येनत्प्रथमो विदाञ्चकार ब्रह्मेति॥२॥

Therefore these gods—Agni, Vāyu, and Indra—excel, as it were, the other gods, because they came nearest to That (Brahman). For Indra was the first to know: “It is Brahman.”

Verse 3

तस्माद्वा इन्द्रोऽतितरामिवान्यान्देवान् स ह्येनन्नेदिष्ठं पस्पर्श । स ह्येनत्प्रथमो विदाञ्चकार ब्रह्मेति ॥३॥

Therefore Indra, as it were, surpassed the other gods; for he indeed touched That most nearly. He was truly the first to know It and to declare: “It is Brahman.”

Verse 4

तस्यैष आदेशो यदेतद्विद्युतो विद्युतदिति न्यमीमिषदिति । अधिदैवतम् ॥४॥

Of That, this is the indication: “as of lightning—a flash”; “it winked (appeared and vanished)”. This is with reference to the deity-plane (adhidaivata).

Verse 5

अथाध्यात्मं यदेतद्गच्छतीव च मनोऽनेन चैतदुपस्मरत्यभीक्ष्णं सङ्कल्पः ॥५॥

Now, with reference to the Self (adhyātma): that by which the mind, as it were, goes toward objects, and by which it repeatedly remembers this—this is the volition, saṅkalpa.

Verse 6

तद्ध तद्वनं नाम तद्वनमित्युपासितव्यं स य एतदेवं वेदाभि ह एनं सर्वाणि भूतानि संवाञ्छन्ति ॥६॥

Verily, That is called “Tadvanam.” It is to be meditated upon as “Tadvanam.” He who knows it thus—towards him, indeed, all beings aspire.

Verse 7

उपनिषदं भो ब्रूहीत्युक्ता त उपनिषद्ब्राह्मीम् वाव त उपनिषदमब्रूम इति ॥७॥

When asked, “Sir, tell us the Upaniṣad,” he replied: “Indeed, the Brahmī Upaniṣad we have declared to you.”

Verse 8

तस्यै तपो दमः कर्मेति प्रतिष्ठा वेदाः सर्वाङ्गानि सत्यमायतनम् ॥८॥

For that (Brahmī knowledge), austerity, self-restraint, and action are its foundation; the Vedas are all its limbs; truth is its abode.

Verse 9

यो वा एतामेवम् वेद, अपहत्य पाप्मानम्, अनन्ते स्वर्गे लोके ज्येये प्रतितिष्ठति, प्रतितिष्ठति ॥९॥

Whoever knows Her thus—Brahman—having cast off sin, becomes firmly established in the endless heavenly world, in the highest realm; firmly established indeed.