Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 9

Devanagari script

पुष्पितैः फलितैर्वृक्षैः समंतात्परिवारितम् । विविधैर्मधुरारावैर्नादितं विहगोत्तमैः

Transliteration

puṣpitaiḥ phalitairvṛkṣaiḥ samaṃtātparivāritam | vividhairmadhurārāvairnāditaṃ vihagottamaiḥ

Translation

It was encircled on every side by trees in blossom and heavy with fruit, and it resounded with many kinds of sweet calls from excellent birds.

Word by Word

• पुष्पितैः: by flowering
• पुष्पितैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + इत (कृदन्त) → पुष्पित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/निष्पन्नविशेषण; तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; पुल्लिङ्ग (वृक्षैः विशेषयति)

• फलितैः: by fruit-bearing
• फलितैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक) + इत (कृदन्त) → फलित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/निष्पन्नविशेषण; तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; पुल्लिङ्ग

• वृक्षैः: by trees
• वृक्षैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/करण), बहुवचन

• समंतात्: all around
• समंतात्: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (Place adjunct/देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (from all around)

• परिवारितम्: surrounded
• परिवारितम्: Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-√वृ (धातु; वृणोति/वृ) + क्त → परिवारित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (आश्रमम् विशेषयति)

• विविधैः: by various
• विविधैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (आरावैः विशेषयति)

• मधुरारावैः: by sweet calls
• मधुरारावैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधुर (प्रातिपदिक) + आराव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (मधुरः आरावः = sweet cry/sound); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• नादितम्: resounding, filled with sound
• नादितम्: Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नद् (धातु) + णिच् (causative) → नादय् + क्त → नादित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विहगोत्तमैः: by excellent birds
• विहगोत्तमैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विहग (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक) → विहगोत्तम (समास/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थ (उत्तमाः विहगाः = excellent birds); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

Speaker

Narrator (contextual Purāṇic narration; likely Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa in a māhātmya frame)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The hermitage is ringed by trees heavy with blossoms and fruit; birds of many kinds perch and sing, filling the air with layered, sweet notes; the scene feels like a natural mandala around the āśrama.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Where dharma and tapas flourish, nature becomes abundant and melodious—outer harmony reflects inner purity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse praises the sanctified environs of a riverbank āśrama within Nāgarakhaṇḍa, without naming the tīrtha.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a māhātmya-style description of sacred ambience.