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Shloka 57

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

अधर्मो हिंसिकारूपो धर्मस्तु सुखरूपकः । अधर्माद्दुःखमाप्नोति धर्माद्वै सुखमेधते

adharmo hiṃsikārūpo dharmastu sukharūpakaḥ | adharmādduḥkhamāpnoti dharmādvai sukhamedhate

Adharma is of the nature of injury and cruelty, whereas dharma is of the nature of well-being and joy. From adharma one surely attains suffering; from dharma, happiness truly increases and prospers.

adharmaḥunrighteousness; adharma
adharmaḥ:
Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota-dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
hiṃsikā-rūpaḥhaving the form of violence
hiṃsikā-rūpaḥ:
Visheshana/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothiṃsikā (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): हिंसिकायाः रूपः; used predicatively of adharmaḥ
dharmaḥrighteousness; dharma
dharmaḥ:
Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tubut
tu:
Connector (विरोध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adversative particle (विरोधार्थक निपात)
sukha-rūpakaḥhaving the form of happiness
sukha-rūpakaḥ:
Visheshana/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुष-समास: सुखरूपकः = सुखस्वरूपः; predicative of dharmaḥ
adharmātfrom adharma; due to unrighteousness
adharmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roota-dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
duḥkhamsorrow
duḥkham:
Karma/Object (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
āpnotiattains
āpnoti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√āp (आप्)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present/वर्तमान), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
dharmātfrom dharma; due to righteousness
dharmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
vaiindeed
vai:
Emphasis (निश्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक निपात)
sukhamhappiness
sukham:
Karma/Object (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
edhateflourishes; increases
edhate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√edh (एध्)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present/वर्तमान), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating Śiva Purāṇa teachings to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

Sthala Purana: Not site-specific; defines adharma as hiṃsā and dharma as sukha, mapping moral quality to experiential fruit.

Significance: Supports ahiṃsā and dharmic living as preparatory purification (caryā) for Śiva-bhakti and eventual grace.

FAQs

It states a Shaiva ethical law of karma: harm-born conduct (adharma) ripens as suffering, while dharma—aligned with Śiva’s order and compassion—ripens as increasing well-being and inner peace.

Linga-worship is not merely ritual; it requires dharmic living. Approaching Saguna Śiva through the Linga with ahimsa and right conduct purifies the devotee, making worship fruitful rather than merely external.

Adopt ahimsa as a daily vrata, and support it with Śiva-japa (especially the pañcākṣarī, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) as a discipline that restrains harmful impulses and strengthens dharmic intention.