Shloka 35

पञ्चकृत्यलक्षणनिर्णयः

Definition of Śiva’s Five Cosmic Acts—Pañcakṛtya

Devanagari script

आद्रा र्समः सदा ज्ञेयः पूजाहोमादितर्पणे । दर्शनं तु प्रभाते च प्रातःसंगवकालयोः

Transliteration

ādrā rsamaḥ sadā jñeyaḥ pūjāhomāditarpaṇe | darśanaṃ tu prabhāte ca prātaḥsaṃgavakālayoḥ

Translation

For pūjā, homa, and tarpaṇa, one should always understand the ritually fit time to be the cool, moist period. But for the auspicious darśana of Śiva, the suitable times are in the morning—at early dawn and during the forenoon.

Word by Word

• आर्द्रासमः: equal to (the nakṣatra) Ārdrā
• आर्द्रासमः: कर्ता/विधेय (Subject/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्द्रा-सम (प्रातिपदिक); आर्द्रा (प्रातिपदिक) + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nominative Singular); कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः (आर्द्रया समः = equal to Ārdrā)

• सदा: always
• सदा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: always)

• ज्ञेयः: should be known
• ज्ञेयः: विधेय (Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) + यत् (कृत्) → ज्ञेय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: यत्-कृत्य (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nominative Singular)

• पूजाहोमादितर्पणे: in worship, homa, etc., and tarpaṇa
• पूजाहोमादितर्पणे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूजा-होम-आदि-तर्पण (प्रातिपदिक); पूजा + होम + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + तर्पण
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-एकवचन (Locative Singular); समाहार-द्वन्द्वः (पूजा च होमश्च आदयश्च तर्पणं च)

• दर्शनम्: seeing/auspicious viewing (darśana)
• दर्शनम्: कर्म/कर्ता (Object/Subject depending on ellipsis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचन (Nom./Acc. Singular)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-एकवचन (Locative Singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• प्रातःसंगवकालयोः: of/at the times of early morning and forenoon
• प्रातःसंगवकालयोः: अधिकरण/सम्बन्ध (Adhikaraṇa/Sambandha)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रातः-संगव-काल (प्रातिपदिक); प्रातः (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + संगव (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी-द्विवचन (Gen./Loc. Dual); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (प्रातःकालः च संगवकालः च)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating Shiva-worship rules to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Jyotirlinga Context

Jyotirlinga: Viśvanātha

Sthala Purana: Kāśī is upheld as Śiva’s own kṣetra where darśana and worship at proper times confer swift spiritual uplift; morning darśana is singled out as especially auspicious in many Kāśī traditions.

Significance: Timely darśana (especially prabhāta/saṃgava) is taught as enhancing the fruit of pūjā and accelerating śiva-anugraha for devotees.

Shakti Dimension

Role: nurturing

Ritual Elements

Offering: dhupa

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: Kāla-śuddhi: distinguishing times for kriyā (pūjā/homa/tarpaṇa) versus darśana (prabhāta/saṃgava).

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that devotion must be aligned with dharma: choosing proper times for pūjā, homa, and tarpaṇa refines attention and purity, making the devotee fit for Śiva’s grace (anugraha).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

It supports Saguna worship through disciplined ritual—approaching the Śiva-liṅga for darśana in the morning and performing offerings at ritually appropriate times, so the outer act mirrors inner reverence.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Perform morning Śiva-darśana (prātaḥ/saṃgava), then do pūjā and (if prescribed) homa and tarpaṇa with clean preparation, steady mind, and remembrance of Śiva—optionally accompanied by japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya).