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Shloka 14

नरकलोकवर्णनम् (Narakaloka-varṇanam) — Description of the Hell-Realms

सनत्कुमार उवाच । ततश्शीघ्रं समादाय नृपान्संगृह्य पादयोः । भ्रामयित्वा तु वेगेन निक्षिप्योर्ध्वं प्रगृह्य च । सर्वप्रायेण महतातीव तप्ते शिलातले । आस्फालयंति तरसा वज्रेणेव महाद्रुमान्

sanatkumāra uvāca | tataśśīghraṃ samādāya nṛpānsaṃgṛhya pādayoḥ | bhrāmayitvā tu vegena nikṣipyordhvaṃ pragṛhya ca | sarvaprāyeṇa mahatātīva tapte śilātale | āsphālayaṃti tarasā vajreṇeva mahādrumān

Sanatkumāra said: Then, swiftly seizing the kings by their feet, they whirled them about with force, hurled them upward, and caught them again. For the most part, with great violence, they smashed them down upon a rock-surface heated intensely—striking with speed like a thunderbolt felling mighty trees.

सनत्कुमारःSanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्कुमार (प्रातिपदिक: सनत्+कुमार)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (सनन् कुमारः)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
ततःthen
ततः:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; काल/क्रमसूचक (then)
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (quickly)
समादायhaving taken
समादाय:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+आ+दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having taken up’
नृपान्kings
नृपान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन
संगृह्यhaving grasped
संगृह्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+ग्रह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having seized/held’
पादयोःby the feet
पादयोः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootपाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी (6th/7th), द्विवचन; अत्र अधिकरण/सम्बन्धे ‘by the feet/at the feet’
भ्रामयित्वाhaving whirled (them)
भ्रामयित्वा:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रम् (धातु, णिच् causative)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive) of causative: ‘having made (them) whirl’
तुindeed; then
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोध (but/indeed)
वेगेनwith speed
वेगेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवेग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (with speed)
निक्षिप्यhaving hurled
निक्षिप्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootनि+क्षिप् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having thrown’
ऊर्ध्वम्upwards
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; दिशावाचक क्रियाविशेषण (upwards)
प्रगृह्यhaving seized
प्रगृह्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+ग्रह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having seized again/firmly’
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (and)
सर्वप्रायेणmostly; generally
सर्वप्रायेण:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वप्राय (प्रातिपदिक: सर्व+प्राय)
Formअव्ययीभावसमास; तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषण: ‘for the most part’
महतāgreatly
महतā:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषण (instrumental adverb): ‘greatly’
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अतिशयार्थक (excessively)
तप्तेon (a) heated
तप्ते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeAdjective
Rootतप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; तप् धातोः क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘शिलातले’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
शिलातलेon the stone-surface
शिलातले:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootशिलातल (प्रातिपदिक: शिला+तल)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शिलायाः तलम्)
आस्फालयन्तिthey dash; they slam
आस्फालयन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+स्फल् (धातु, णिच् causative)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
तरसाwith force
तरसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (with force)
वज्रेणwith a thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
इवlike
इव:
Upamāna (उपमान/Simile-marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-सूचक (like/as)
महाद्रुमान्great trees
महाद्रुमान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाद्रुम (प्रातिपदिक: महा+द्रुम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् द्रुमः)

Sanatkumara

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

S
Sanatkumara
K
kings

FAQs

The verse portrays the severe, forceful consequences that can befall embodied beings (pāśu) when bound by pāśa—especially the bondage of violent karma. From a Shaiva Siddhanta lens, it underscores that suffering is not random: it is a purifying but painful unfolding of karmic law under the governance of Pati (Śiva), who ultimately directs beings toward correction and liberation.

Though the verse itself is narrative and not a direct injunction about Liṅga worship, it supports the broader Purāṇic teaching that refuge in Saguna Śiva—through devotion, humility, and right conduct—protects the devotee from further entanglement in destructive action. Liṅga worship is presented elsewhere in the Shiva Purana as a stabilizing dharmic practice that reorients the mind away from cruelty and toward Śiva’s grace.

The implied takeaway is restraint and repentance supported by Shaiva sādhana: daily remembrance of Śiva, japa of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya"), and adopting purifying disciplines such as vibhūti (tripuṇḍra) and Rudrākṣa with ethical living—so that one does not accumulate the kind of violent karma depicted in the verse.