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Shloka 32

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

उरसाधोमुखाश्चान्ये घृष्यमाणास्सुदुःखिताः । केशपाशनि बंधेन संस्कृष्यंते च रज्जुना

urasādhomukhāścānye ghṛṣyamāṇāssuduḥkhitāḥ | keśapāśani baṃdhena saṃskṛṣyaṃte ca rajjunā

Others, with their chests forced downward and their faces bent low, were being dragged along—rubbed and scraped—suffering intense pain; bound by a noose of hair and pulled by a rope.

urasāwith the chest
urasā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rooturas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
adho-mukhāḥface-down
adho-mukhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhas (अव्यय) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying ‘anye’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चय/निपात)
anyeothers
anye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); pronominal adjective used substantively
ghṛṣyamāṇāḥbeing dragged/being rubbed
ghṛṣyamāṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootghṛṣ (धातु)
FormPresent passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययः), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
su-duḥkhitāḥvery miserable
su-duḥkhitāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
keśa-pāśaniin/at the hair-noose
keśa-pāśani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkeśa (प्रातिपदिक) + pāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); keśa-pāśa = ‘hair-noose’
bandhenaby the binding/fastening
bandhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
saṃkṛṣyanteare dragged/pulled together
saṃkṛṣyante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṃ + kṛṣ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चय/निपात)
rajjunāby a rope
rajjunā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootrajjū (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Cosmic Event: nāraka-yātanā imagery within karmic adjudication

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse vividly depicts pasha—bondage and compulsion born of karma—showing how the bound soul (paśu) is dragged by its own accumulated deeds until it turns toward Pati (Shiva), the liberator who alone severs the bonds.

By contrasting helpless bondage with the possibility of grace, it supports Saguna Shiva worship (Linga-upasana) as a tangible refuge: devotion, surrender, and right conduct oriented to Shiva are presented as the path from constraint to freedom.

The practical takeaway is to counter bondage with Shiva-oriented sadhana—japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namah Shivaya), repentance and ethical restraint, and regular Shiva worship—so karma is purified and the soul becomes fit for liberation.