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Shloka 12

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

क्वचिद्विषमगर्तैश्च क्वचिल्लोष्टैस्सुदुष्करैः । सुतप्तवालुकाभिश्च तथा तीक्ष्णैश्च शंकुभिः

kvacidviṣamagartaiśca kvacilloṣṭaissuduṣkaraiḥ | sutaptavālukābhiśca tathā tīkṣṇaiśca śaṃkubhiḥ

In some places there were uneven pits; in other places, heaps of hard clods difficult to cross—elsewhere scorching hot sand, and also sharp stakes, making the path harsh and obstructive.

kvacitsomewhere; at times
kvacit:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormDeśa/avasthā-avyaya (देश/अवस्था-अव्यय, adverb)
viṣama-gartaiḥwith uneven pits
viṣama-gartaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣama (प्रातिपदिक) + garta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'uneven pits'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
kvacitsomewhere; at times
kvacit:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormDeśa/avasthā-avyaya (देश/अवस्था-अव्यय, adverb)
loṣṭaiḥwith clods/stones
loṣṭaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootloṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)
su-duṣkaraiḥvery hard (to cross)
su-duṣkaraiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'very difficult (to traverse)' (qualifying loṣṭaiḥ or implied obstacles)
sutapta-vālukābhiḥwith scorching sand
sutapta-vālukābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsutapta (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of √tap with su-) + vālukā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: sutaptā vālukā = 'well-heated sand'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
tathālikewise; also
tathā:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormUpamā/saṃgraha-avyaya (उपमा/संग्रह-अव्यय, adverb: 'likewise/also')
tīkṣṇaiḥsharp
tīkṣṇaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of śaṃkubhiḥ
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
śaṃkubhiḥwith spikes/stakes
śaṃkubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṃku (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

S
Shiva

FAQs

It portrays the spiritual journey as a difficult passage filled with hindrances—symbolic of pasha (bondage) and karmic obstructions that must be crossed through Shiva-bhakti, discipline, and right knowledge.

By emphasizing obstacles and suffering, the verse indirectly points to taking refuge in Saguna Shiva—worship of the Linga as a steady support—so the devotee can endure hardships and move toward Shiva’s grace.

A practical takeaway is steady japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with disciplined sadhana; enduring difficulties with remembrance of Shiva is the implied practice.