Shloka 3

पराजितास्ततो देवा ब्रह्माणं शरणं ययुः । ब्रह्मापि तान्समादाय ययौ यत्र वृषाकपी

parājitāstato devā brahmāṇaṃ śaraṇaṃ yayuḥ | brahmāpi tānsamādāya yayau yatra vṛṣākapī

Then, defeated, the gods sought refuge in Brahmā. Brahmā too, gathering them together, went to the place where Vṛṣa and Kapi were.

पराजिताःdefeated
पराजिताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि√जि (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) from परि√जि (to defeat) in passive sense ‘defeated’
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) of time/sequence
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
ब्रह्माणम्Brahmā
ब्रह्माणम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्/ब्रह्मा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
शरणम्refuge
शरणम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः (ययुः) सह ‘as refuge’ (predicate object)
ययुःwent
ययुः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्/ब्रह्मा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/निपातार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
समादायhaving taken (them) along
समादाय:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ√दा (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्यय-भाव)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल; from सम्-आ√दा (to take along, gather)
ययौwent
ययौ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; सम्बन्धबोधक-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)
वृषाकपीVṛṣa and Kapi (Nandin and Hanumān)
वृषाकपी:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location context: ‘where were…’)
TypeNoun
Rootवृष (प्रातिपदिक) + कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: वृषः च कपिः च (Nandin and Hanumān)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Role: liberating

B
Brahma
D
Devas
V
Vṛṣa
K
Kapi

FAQs

It highlights śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) after defeat—when limited powers fail, the devas turn to a higher principle of guidance, preparing the ground for grace and right alignment with Dharma under the Lord’s order.

Though Shiva is not named in this line, the pattern is Shaiva: worldly strength is insufficient, so one seeks shelter through higher divine mediation—ultimately pointing toward Saguna Shiva’s protectiveness and the devotee’s surrender that Linga-worship embodies.

The takeaway is śaraṇāgati with japa—especially the Panchakshara mantra “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—performed with humility, along with simple Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) application as a reminder of dependence on Pati (Shiva) rather than egoic power.