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Shloka 38

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

सुमनाश्च सुवाक्छुद्धः पञ्चमश्छिद्रदर्शकः । स्वतंत्रश्च सुयज्ञश्च कुलीना नामतः स्मृताः

sumanāśca suvākchuddhaḥ pañcamaśchidradarśakaḥ | svataṃtraśca suyajñaśca kulīnā nāmataḥ smṛtāḥ

They are remembered by name as the Kulīnas: Sumanā, Suvākśuddha, the fifth called Chidradarśaka, Svatantra, and Suyajña.

सुमनाःgood-minded (one)
सुमनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + manas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयसमास (‘सु-मनाः’ = good-minded); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)
सुवाक्-शुद्धःpure in good speech
सुवाक्-शुद्धः:
Karta-anvaya/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + vāk (प्रातिपदिक) + śuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयसमास (‘सुवाक्’ + ‘शुद्धः’); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
पञ्चमःthe fifth
पञ्चमः:
Karta-anvaya/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal)
छिद्र-दर्शकःfault-finder (one who sees flaws)
छिद्र-दर्शकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootchidra (प्रातिपदिक) + darśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारयभाव: ‘छिद्रं पश्यति’); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
स्वतन्त्रःindependent
स्वतन्त्रः:
Karta-anvaya/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvatantra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
सुयज्ञःSuyajña (proper name / good-sacrifice)
सुयज्ञः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (अव्यय) + yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयसमास (‘सु-यज्ञः’ = good sacrifice / good sacrificer as name); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
कुलीनाःwell-born, noble
कुलीनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkulīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण/संज्ञा
नामतःby name
नामतः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāmatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (adverb: ‘by name’)
स्मृताःare called/remembered
स्मृताः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) + smṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि/भावे—‘are remembered/called’

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva

FAQs

This verse preserves a traditional list of revered figures (Kulīnas) by name, indicating that Shaiva teaching is transmitted through remembered lineages and exemplary persons whose qualities (like purity of speech and discernment) support dharma and devotion.

In the Shiva Purana’s narrative style, naming respected devotees or dharmic exemplars frames the living tradition around Saguna Shiva worship—showing that devotion to Shiva is upheld through communities, teachers, and disciplined conduct that culminate in Linga-centered practice.

While no specific rite is prescribed, the implied takeaway is sādhana grounded in śuddha-vāk (pure speech), self-discipline, and fault-discernment for self-correction—supporting mantra-japa (e.g., Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and steady Shiva-bhakti.