Shloka 10

Satyavrata, Vasiṣṭha, and the Crisis of Dharma: Protection, Anger, and Vow-Discipline

Devanagari script

सर्वकामदुहां दोग्ध्रीं ददर्श स नृपात्मजः । तां वै क्रोधाच्च लोभाच्च श्रमाद्वै च क्षुधान्वितः

Transliteration

sarvakāmaduhāṃ dogdhrīṃ dadarśa sa nṛpātmajaḥ | tāṃ vai krodhācca lobhācca śramādvai ca kṣudhānvitaḥ

Translation

The king’s son beheld the wish-fulfilling cow, the milch-giver who grants all desired enjoyments. Overcome by anger and greed, and worn with fatigue and hunger, he fixed his mind upon her.

Word by Word

• सर्वकामदुहाम्: granting all desires
• सर्वकामदुहाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + काम + दुह् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: सर्वान् कामान् दुहति इति (yielding all desires)

• दोग्ध्रीम्: the milch-cow/milker (cow)
• दोग्ध्रीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोग्ध्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• नृपात्मजः: the king’s son
• नृपात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: नृपस्य आत्मजः (king’s son)

• ताम्: her/that (cow)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphasis/assurance)

• क्रोधात्: from anger/out of anger
• क्रोधात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/5th case), एकवचन; हेतौ (cause)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• लोभात्: from greed
• लोभात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; हेतौ

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• श्रमात्: from fatigue
• श्रमात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; हेतौ

• वै: indeed
• वै: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• क्षुधान्वितः: afflicted with hunger
• क्षुधान्वितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षुधा + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तृतीया/सह-तत्पुरुषभाव: क्षुधया अन्वितः (endowed with hunger)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It shows how the pashu (individual soul) becomes bound by pāśa—anger, greed, and sense-driven hunger—so that even a sacred, wish-fulfilling presence is approached with grasping rather than reverence; Shaiva Siddhanta stresses purification of these impulses to become fit for Shiva’s grace.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Approaching the divine (Saguna Shiva in worship of the Linga) requires humility and inner restraint; this verse contrasts devotional approach with desire-driven appropriation, implying that true worship is not consumption of ‘boons’ but surrender that loosens bondage.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to counter krodha and lobha with japa of the Panchakshara “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” and daily self-purification (e.g., Tripuṇḍra/bhasma with mindful restraint), cultivating detachment before prayer or ritual.