Shloka 54

स एकदाऽऽगतं गोष्ठे व्याघ्रं गा हिंसितुं बली । श्रुत्वा गोकदनं बुद्धो हंतुं तं खड्गधृग्ययौ

sa ekadā''gataṃ goṣṭhe vyāghraṃ gā hiṃsituṃ balī | śrutvā gokadanaṃ buddho haṃtuṃ taṃ khaḍgadhṛgyayau

Once, a powerful tiger came into the cow-pen to harm the cows. Hearing that the cows were being attacked, the wise man, sword in hand, went forth to slay that beast.

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
एकदाonce
एकदा:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएकदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
आगतम्having come/arrived
आगतम्:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier of object)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘व्याघ्रम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण (agreeing with object)
गोष्ठेin the cowshed/pasture
गोष्ठे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootगोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
व्याघ्रम्tiger
व्याघ्रम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma (कर्म/Object of infinitive)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
हिंसितुम्to harm/kill
हिंसितुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अर्थः ‘कर्तुम्’ (to do)
बलीstrong
बली:
Karta (कर्ता; descriptive)
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of ‘व्याघ्रम्’ implied/understood)
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय-भाव (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकाल (prior action)
गोकदनम्cow-slaughter/cow-killing
गोकदनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘श्रुत्वा’)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक) + कदन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘गवां कदनम्’ (slaughter of cows)
बुद्धःalert/aware
बुद्धः:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबुध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थः ‘प्रबुद्ध/जागरित’ (aware/alert)
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), प्रयोजनार्थ (purpose)
तम्him/that one (the tiger)
तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
खड्गधृक्sword-bearer
खड्गधृक्:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootखड्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + धृक्/धृ (धातु-निष्पन्न प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘खड्गं धरति’ (sword-bearer)
ययौwent
ययौ:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Significance: The verse models dharmic kṣātra-protection (rakṣā) of the innocent; in Śaiva ethics this is caryā aligned with Śiva’s protective-ferocious aspect against adharma.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It portrays dharma as active protection of the innocent: the wise person does not remain passive before harm, but acts with clarity and courage—qualities aligned with devotion to Pati (Shiva) as the upholder of order.

Saguna Shiva is revered as the guardian of beings; this narrative mirrors that protective grace. Linga-worship is not mere ritual—its fruit is inner steadiness that expresses outwardly as fearless, dharmic action.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Panchakshara ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") to cultivate steadiness, combined with a vow of ahiṃsā toward the innocent and readiness to restrain wrongdoing (dharma-rakṣaṇa).