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Shloka 13

Mahādāna-prakaraṇa (The Doctrine of Great Gifts): Suvarṇa–Go–Bhūmi and Tulā-dāna

अथान्यच्च प्रवक्ष्यामि दानं सर्वोत्तमं मुने । कांतारं यन्न पश्यंति यमस्य बहुदुःखदम्

athānyacca pravakṣyāmi dānaṃ sarvottamaṃ mune | kāṃtāraṃ yanna paśyaṃti yamasya bahuduḥkhadam

Now, O sage, I shall speak of another gift—an offering that is supreme: by it one does not behold the dreadful wilderness of Yama, which brings manifold suffering.

athathen/now
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — discourse connector
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; discourse particle (अनन्तरार्थक/क्रमसूचक)
anyatanother (thing)
anyat:
Karma (कर्म) — object of pravakṣyāmi (understood: 'I will tell something else')
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter/नपुंसक), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा) or Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); used with ca as 'something else'
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक)
pravakṣyāmiI shall explain/tell
pravakṣyāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + vac (धातु)
FormLuṭ-lakāra (लुट्/Periphrastic future; simple future sense), Uttama-puruṣa (1st/उत्तमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada
dānamgift/charity
dānam:
Karma (कर्म) — what is being explained
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा) or Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); appositional to 'anyat' or object of pravakṣyāmi
sarva-uttamamthe best of all
sarva-uttamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) — qualifies dānam
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः (sarveṣāṃ madhye uttamam = best of all)
muneO sage
mune:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
kāntārama wilderness/forest
kāntāram:
Karma (कर्म) — object of paśyanti
TypeNoun
Rootkāntāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
yatwhich
yat:
Karma (कर्म) — correlates with kāntāram
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; relative pronoun
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — negates verb
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation particle (निषेध)
paśyantithey see
paśyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpaś (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथमपुरुष), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); parasmaipada
yamasyaof Yama
yamasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — genitive relation to bahuduḥkhadam
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
bahu-duḥkha-damgiving much suffering
bahu-duḥkha-dam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) — qualifies kāntāram (as 'Yama's, giving much sorrow')
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + da (धातु; √dā/दा in sense 'to give' via -da suffix)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (bahuṃ duḥkhaṃ dadāti = giving much sorrow)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Kālāntaka

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga story; it introduces a ‘supreme gift’ that prevents encountering Yama’s painful wilderness—an eschatological/dharmic warning motif preparing for the next verse(s) specifying the dāna.

Significance: General: emphasizes protection from post-mortem suffering; in Śaiva reading, right conduct and Śiva-oriented merit mitigate Yama’s jurisdiction, ultimately superseded by Śiva’s grace.

Y
Yama

FAQs

It teaches that supremely meritorious dāna purifies karmic bonds and protects the soul from painful post-death experiences symbolized as Yama’s terrifying wilderness, aligning one toward Shiva’s grace and liberation.

In Shaiva practice, worship of Saguna Shiva (including Linga-pūjā) is strengthened by dharma such as dāna; charity becomes an outward expression of devotion that supports inner purification, making one fit for Shiva’s saving presence beyond Yama’s domain.

A practical takeaway is to pair Shiva worship with regular dāna (food, water, clothing, or support to the needy) as part of vrata/pujā discipline—especially on Shiva days—so devotion is joined with purifying action.