Shloka 56

पुमान्यो गुरुधर्म्माऽपि सोपवासो यथा गृही । वित्तवान्न विजानाति पीडां नियमसंस्थितः

pumānyo gurudharmmā'pi sopavāso yathā gṛhī | vittavānna vijānāti pīḍāṃ niyamasaṃsthitaḥ

A man established in discipline—though he follows the duties taught by the guru and observes upavāsa (fasting)—does not truly understand the pain of one constrained by strict vrata (vows), just as a wealthy householder does not comprehend hardship.

pumāna man
pumān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpumān (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun (सम्बन्धक सर्वनाम)
guru-dharmāstrict in duty; of weighty observance
guru-dharmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारयः: 'guruḥ dharmaḥ yasya' in adjectival sense 'strict in duty/observance'
apieven; also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (सम्भावना/अपि-कारक अव्यय)
sa-upavāsaḥfasting; with fasting
sa-upavāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); अव्ययीभावः: sa- 'with' + upavāsa = 'with fasting/fasting'
yathāas; like
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (उपमानवाचक अव्यय)
gṛhīhouseholder
gṛhī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛhin (गृहिन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
vittavānwealthy; possessing wealth
vittavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvitta (प्रातिपदिक) + -vant (वत् प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधार्थक अव्यय)
vijānātiknows; understands
vijānāti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jñā (वि-ज्ञा धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
pīḍāmpain; affliction
pīḍām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
niyama-saṃsthitaḥestablished in discipline; under observance
niyama-saṃsthitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootniyama (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃsthita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'niyame saṃsthitaḥ' (locative relation) = established in observance/discipline

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It cautions that outward observances—guru-instructed duties and fasting—can still leave one insensitive to the real burden of strict restraint. Shaiva teaching emphasizes inner transformation (bhāva, humility, compassion) alongside vrata and niyama, not mere performance.

Linga-worship in the Shiva Purana is not only ritual correctness but also purity of intention and empathy born of discipline. This verse supports Saguna Shiva devotion by stressing that true worship matures into understanding, not pride in austerity.

Adopt fasting and vows with steadiness and softness of heart: combine vrata with japa of the Panchakshara ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") and daily self-restraint (niyama), so discipline becomes a means to compassion and liberation.